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Understanding the development of subsolid nodules (SSNs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is important for their clinical management. Here, the authors perform proteogenomic analysis of 66 LUAD displayed as SSNs from 3 histological stages and highlight the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in progression.

By resonant excitation of an InAs quantum dot embedded in a microcavity, a deterministic single-photon source is demonstrated. Single-photon purity of 0.9795(6), photon indistinguishability of 0.9856(13), and an overall end-to-end efficiency of 0.712(18) are simultaneously obtained.

Multi-omics analysis reveals that a 254-bp transposon induces defensive camouflage in an alpine plant and reduces herbivory by caterpillars of a specialist butterfly. Protective effects of this camouflage are reflected in the long-term dynamics of co-evolving plant and butterfly populations.

Cas9d employs a unique RNA-coordinated structural module for precise DNA targeting. Structure-guided engineering on both Cas9d and its sgRNA achieved a smaller, high-fidelity CRISPR system with robust activity, advancing genome-editing applications.

Deviatoric stress induces an intrinsic self-trapped exciton state (STE-2) and enables transitions between two intrinsic STE states in pyramidal ZnO nanocrystals. This approach results in a remarkable shift in emission energy, from 2.34 eV to 2.88 eV.

Optineurin is linked to ALS and glaucoma, but the mechanism is unknown. Here, the authors show that optineurin mutation causes deficits in axonal mitochondria transport and neurodegeneration, enhancing of which achieves axon protection and regeneration.

Early life experience modulates stress resilience in later life. Here the authors show that maternal care triggers microglia-derived IGF-1 levels, which suppresses the neuronal C/EBPβ-DRP1 axis, promoting stress resilience in adolescent mice.

ARF4 GTPase activity is needed for vesicular trafficking for multiple RNA viruses. Blocking ARF4 using specific peptides redirects viral progeny to lysosomal degradation and decreases influenza and Zika virus infection in mice.

Here, the authors report that a single-layer graphene sandwiched between hexagonal boron nitride layers in oblique-stacking order exhibits robust ferroelectricity persisting up to room temperature and ultrastability for long-term operations.

Separation of multi-component mixtures is an extremely difficult task. Pore integration strategy offers an approach for assembling ordered pores with specific functions on demand to achieve the one-step separation of multi-component complex mixtures.

Thermodynamics typically favour the formation of crystals with flat facets. Here, the authors report an approach for the synthesis of curved boundaries in titania single crystals, composed of high index microfacets.

Co-deposition of copper thiocyanate with perovskite on textured silicon enables an efficient perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell with a certified power conversion efficiency of 31.46% for 1 cm² area devices.

This study uncovers how seasonal temperature variations influence organic carbon burial in lake sediments. The authors predict that a decline in temperature seasonality will significantly slow or reduce organic carbon burial in lake sediments, leading to carbon emissions and amplified global warming.

Clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders is complex and requires evaluation by a qualified physician. Here, Yan et al. develop a hydrogel electronic sensor to detect TMJ movement, able to accurately detect and classify disc displacement with reduction, a common TMJ disorder.

In this work, authors develop a mechano-gated iontronic piezomemristor with temporal-tactile neuromorphic plasticity, enabling bidirectional sensing, learning functions, and biohybrid integration for dynamic tactile neuromodulation.

ZAC is a Zn²⁺ and H⁺-activated cation channel. Here, the authors report the structures of human ZAC and identify an unusual C-tail that functions in auto-inhibition. This work provides insights into the gating and activation mechanisms of ZAC.

The correlation between the instability and facet properties of wide-bandgap perovskites has not been revealed. Here, the authors introduce trioctylphosphine oxide for strong oriented growth of (111) facet in films and achieve certified efficiency of 30.26% for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.

Here, authors present cryo-EM structures and simulations of urea transporter members in resting-, transport-, or inactive-states bound with synthetic competitive, uncompetitive or noncompetitive inhibitor.

The spatial heterogeneity of peritumoral brain zone (PBZ) in glioblastoma, where 90% of reoccurrence occurs, remains poorly characterised. Here, the authors suggest that high cerebral blood flow regions in the PBZ are the main regions of tumour and immune cell infiltration.

Subsoils are vital for ecosystem sustainability due to their nutrient stocks and microbial diversity. This study across 40 agricultural sites in China found that, compared with topsoils, subsoils are more sensitive and variable under disturbance, highlighting the need to manage both layers in sustainability efforts.

Time reflection and refraction are experimentally observed in ultracold atoms. To this end, the time boundary is formed by imposing an abrupt change in the coupling strength of the atomic chain. Time boundary effects are robust against material disorder.

High-resolution satellite observations reveal that large lakes on the Tibetan Plateau have total nitric oxide emissions comparable to anthropogenic emissions from individual megacities worldwide.

Topological terms arise naturally in gauge theories but have been difficult to implement in quantum simulators. Now, a tunable topological θ-angle is demonstrated with a cold-atom platform.

The relationship between tissue-specific DNA methylation and cancer risk remains to be elucidated. Here, the authors predict DNA methylation at CpG sites for seven cancer types and investigate how these influence cancer risk.

A mechanistic study reveals that RBPMS suppresses bladder cancer cell migration by regulating alternative splicing of ANKRD10, which modulates MYC pathway activity through ANKRD10-2’s function as a transcriptional coactivator.

CD47 blockade can trigger T cell-mediated destruction of immunogenic tumors. Here the authors show that, by reprograming tumor cell metabolism toward OXPHOS for ATP production, tumor cell-intrinsic type I IFN signaling is required for CD47-SIRPa blockade efficacy.

Scalable routes towards porous graphene are useful for developing materials for mass transfer applications. Here, the authors report the fabrication of porous graphene with controllable pore size and nitrogen content via the carbothermal reaction of graphene and (poly)oxometallates.

Green spaces are known to help cool cities, but they contribute humidity while reducing heat—and both matter. Using smart sensors mounted on bicycles, this study finds that daytime temperature reductions in urban green spaces are largely offset by humidity increases but that urban vegetation causes a net reduction in humid heat at night.

A χ⁽²⁾ nonlinear micro-waveguide platform is demonstrated based on the birefringence phase matching for simple and efficient long-wavelength infrared generation, which could trigger new frontiers of MIR integrated nonlinear photonics.

Qin, Dong, Tang, Chu et al. profile exosomal miRNAs from patients with stroke who have atherosclerosis, identifying selective upregulation of Novel-3 in the plasma. Using a mouse model of cerebral ischemia, they demonstrate the foam cell origin of Novel-3 and explore its neuroinflammatory role.

Machine unlearning techniques remove undesirable data and associated model capabilities while preserving essential knowledge, so that machine learning models can be updated without costly retraining. Liu et al. review recent advances and opportunities in machine unlearning in LLMs, revisiting methodologies and overlooked principles for future improvements and exploring emerging applications in copyright and privacy safeguards and in reducing sociotechnical harms.

Hou, Chen et al. show that aged bone marrow macrophages propagate senescence to multiple tissues in vivo, through extracellular vesicles containing PPARα-targeted microRNAs. They demonstrate the therapeutic potential of intervening in this process using the PPARα agonist fenofibrate.

Chiral metasurfaces have been produced, with experimental observation of intrinsic chiral bound states in the continuum, which may lead to applications in chiral light sources and detectors, chiral sensing, valleytronics and asymmetric photocatalysis.

The genomic and immune landscape of pre-invasive lung adenocarcinoma is poorly understood. Here, the authors perform exome and transcriptome sequencing on precursor legions and invasive lung adenocarcinomas, identifying recurrently mutated genes in pre/minimally invasive cases, and arm level alteration events linked to immune infiltration.

The implementation of synthetic Abelian gauge fields in quantum simulators can result in chiral edge currents. The impact of non-Abelian gauge fields on chiral dynamics of ultracold atoms is now explored using a momentum-space lattice technique.

Direct reduction of unactivated alkyl halides for C(sp3)-N couplings under mild conditions presents a significant challenge in organic synthesis. Here the authors introduce an in situ formed pyridyl carbene-ligated copper (I) catalyst that is capable of abstracting halide atom and generating alkyl radicals for general C(sp3)-N couplings under visible light.

The Milky Way contains an extremely long-lived stellar disk component that formed, according to this study, more than 13 billion years ago. Such longevity is due to the exceptionally quiescent dynamical history of the Galaxy.

Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells have attracted great attention for their efficiency and industry-compatible fabrication. Here, authors report a p-type tunnel oxide passivated contact structure with improved implied open-circuit voltage, achieving efficiency over 28% in 1 cm² n-i-p tandem cells.

In-vitro platforms for personalized cancer diagnosis is required high sensitivity. Here, the authors developed a digital microfluidic system for drug screening using primary tumor cells and established a working protocol for precision medicine.

Achieving efficient photoelectrochemical cells requires insights into the ion kinetics at the surface of photoelectrode. Here, the authors show a new platform for investigating strong coupling between hydroxide ions and surface charge carriers by using monolayer InSe as the anode with high photocurrent density.