Correction to: Nature Sustainability https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-024-01449-w, published online 1 November 2024.

In the version of the article initially published, the Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit, Ministry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China was missing from Wenping Hu’s affiliations and has now been added in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.