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Keywords = rural terrain clutter

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17 pages, 1674 KiB  
Article
Statistical Analysis of Bistatic Radar Ground Clutter for Different German Rural Environments
by Michael Kohler, Daniel W. O’Hagan, Matthias Weiss, David Wegner, Josef Worms and Oliver Bringmann
Sensors 2020, 20(11), 3311; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20113311 - 10 Jun 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3643
Abstract
This article presents the statistical analysis of bistatic radar rural ground clutter for different terrain types under low grazing angles. Compared to most state-of-the-art analysis, we present country-specific clutter analysis for subgroups of rural environments rather than for the rural environment as a [...] Read more.
This article presents the statistical analysis of bistatic radar rural ground clutter for different terrain types under low grazing angles. Compared to most state-of-the-art analysis, we present country-specific clutter analysis for subgroups of rural environments rather than for the rural environment as a whole. Therefore, the rural environment analysis is divided into four dominant subgroup terrain types, namely fields with low vegetation, fields with high vegetation, plantations of small trees and forest environments representing a typical rural German environment. We will present the results for both the summer and the winter vegetation. Therefore, bistatic measurement campaigns have been carried out during the summer 2019 and the winter of 2019/20 in the aforementioned four different rural terrain types. The measurements were performed in the radar relevant X-band at a center frequency of 8.85 GHz and over a bandwidth of 100 MHz according to available transmit permission. The distinction of the rural terrain into different subgroups enables a more precise and accurate clutter analysis and modeling of the statistical properties as will be shown in the presented results. The statistical properties are derived from the calculated clutter amplitudes probability density functions and corresponding cumulative distribution functions for each of the four terrain types and the corresponding season. The data basis for the clutter analysis are the processed range-Doppler maps from the bistatic radar measurements. According to the authors’ current knowledge, a similar investigation based on real bistatic radar measurement data with the division into terrain subgroups has not yet been carried out and published for a German rural environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensors)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>A typical German rural terrain in the Eifel region of western Germany with the colored different terrain groups specified for the bistatic measurements and clutter analysis.</p>
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<p>The dual-channel receiver developed for the bistatic radar measurements with a reference channel for the reception of the direct signal and a surveillance channel for the clutter reception.</p>
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<p>The structural schematic of the X-band transmitter used as illuminator for the bistatic radar measurements.</p>
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<p>This figure shows the signal processing chain considering the two receive channels of the bistatic radar receiver. During the measurements, the reference channel antenna points to the transmitter and receives the direct signal while the surveillance channel receives the clutter echoes. The statistical parameters of the clutter for the rural terrain are calculated on the processed and cropped range-Doppler maps.</p>
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<p>Histogram plots of the clutter amplitudes for the summer measurements for (<b>a</b>) fields with low vegetation, (<b>b</b>) fields with high vegetation, (<b>c</b>) plantations of small tress and (<b>d</b>) forest environments.</p>
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<p>Histogram plots of the clutter amplitudes during winter measurements for (<b>a</b>) fields with low vegetation, (<b>b</b>) plantations of small trees and (<b>c</b>) forest environments.</p>
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<p>Cumulative distribution function plots of the clutter amplitudes for summer and winter for (<b>a</b>) fields with low vegetation, (<b>b</b>) fields with high vegetation, (<b>c</b>) plantations of small tress and (<b>d</b>) forest environments.</p>
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