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Search Results (2)

Search Parameters:
Keywords = MPLS/GMPLS

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11 pages, 3919 KiB  
Article
Label Stacking Scenarios in Hybrid Wavelength and Code-Switched GMPLS Networks
by Kai-Sheng Chen
Electronics 2018, 7(10), 251; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics7100251 - 14 Oct 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3184
Abstract
Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) is a promising solution to implement high-speed internet protocol (IP) networks by reducing the layer number. To meet the increasing demand for data traffic, optical packet switching (OPS) is integrated under IP to provide high bandwidth to end users. [...] Read more.
Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) is a promising solution to implement high-speed internet protocol (IP) networks by reducing the layer number. To meet the increasing demand for data traffic, optical packet switching (OPS) is integrated under IP to provide high bandwidth to end users. Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) is perfectly compatible with the routing algorithm in IP/MPLS as it supports packet-switching functions. In this paper, we investigate the label stacking scenarios in GMPLS networks. In GMPLS, label stacking is done to reduce the node complexity by appending multiple labels to a single packet. Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and optical code-division multiplexing (OCDM) signals have been widely used as identifying labels. As the labels can be permutated among the wavelengths or code dimensions, the structure of a label stack can be varied. However, studies on the relationship between label stacking scenarios and network performance are limited. To investigate this issue, we propose three label stacking models: sequential code distribution; sequential wavelength distribution, and random label distribution. The simulation results show that the sequential wavelength assignment, wherein the labels are uniformly distributed among the wavelengths, exhibits the best system performance in terms of the label-error rate (LER). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Communications and Networks)
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Figure 1
<p>Classification of the wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM)/ optical code-division multiplexing (OCDM) labels.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Label stacking in hybrid wavelength and code-switched generalized multi-protocol label switching (GMPLS) network.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Sequential code distribution: (<b>a</b>) label assignment to the label switched path (LSP), (<b>b</b>) power spectral density (PSD) of the stacked labels.</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Sequential wavelength distribution: (<b>a</b>) label assignment to LSP, (<b>b</b>) PSD of the stacked labels.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>PSD of a single spectral amplitude coding (SAC) label (<span class="html-italic">W</span><sub>1</sub>, <b>C<sub>1</sub></b>).</p> Full article ">Figure 6
<p>Label-error rate (LER) versus <span class="html-italic">K</span><sub>1</sub> for the three label stacking scenarios. C: sequential code assignment; W: sequential wavelength assignment; R: random label assignment.</p> Full article ">Figure 7
<p>LER versus <span class="html-italic">P</span> for the three label stacking scenarios.</p> Full article ">Figure 8
<p>LER versus WDM channel number <span class="html-italic">M</span>. for the three label stacking scenarios.</p> Full article ">
211 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Resource Allocation and QoS Control Capabilities of the Japanese Academic Backbone Network
by Shigeo Urushidani, Kensuke Fukuda, Michihiro Koibuchi, Motonori Nakamura, Shunji Abe, Yusheng Ji, Michihiro Aoki and Shigeki Yamada
Future Internet 2010, 2(3), 295-307; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi2030295 - 9 Aug 2010
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 7506
Abstract
Dynamic resource control capabilities have become increasingly important for academic networks that must support big scientific research projects at the same time as less data intensive research and educational activities. This paper describes the dynamic resource allocation and QoS control capabilities of the [...] Read more.
Dynamic resource control capabilities have become increasingly important for academic networks that must support big scientific research projects at the same time as less data intensive research and educational activities. This paper describes the dynamic resource allocation and QoS control capabilities of the Japanese academic backbone network, called SINET3, which supports a variety of academic applications with a wide range of network services. The article describes the network architecture, networking technologies, resource allocation, QoS control, and layer-1 bandwidth on-demand services. It also details typical services developed for scientific research, including the user interface, resource control, and management functions, and includes performance evaluations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue QoS in Wired and Wireless IP Networks)
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Figure 1
<p>Virtual service networks and VPNs in SINET3.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Network elements and networking technologies.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Core network topology and initial BoD users.</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Sample Web screens for layer-1 BoD services.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>Interface between layer-1 BoD server and L1-OPS. (a) For path setup/release. (b) For path bandwidth change.</p> Full article ">Figure 6
<p>Default/available/assigned bandwidth for layer-1services.</p> Full article ">Figure 7
<p>Screen example: bandwidth management of layer-2/3 services.</p> Full article ">Figure 8
<p>Performance of layer-1 BoD services. (a) Layer-1 path setup/release time. (b) LCAS operation time.</p> Full article ">
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