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Antioxidants
Volume 13
Issue 12
10.3390/antiox13121440
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Review

Neuroinflammation in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress

by
Xenia Abadin
1,2,3,
Cristina de Dios
4,
Marlene Zubillaga
1,2,
Elia Ivars
1,2,3,
Margalida Puigròs
1,2,3,
Montserrat Marí
1,5,
Albert Morales
1,5,
Marisa Vizuete
2,6,
Javier Vitorica
2,6,
Ramon Trullas
1,2,
Anna Colell
1,2,* and
Vicente Roca-Agujetas
2,6,*
1
Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
2
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
3
Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
4
High Technology Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
5
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
6
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antioxidants 2024, 13(12), 1440; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121440
Submission received: 11 October 2024 / Revised: 14 November 2024 / Accepted: 18 November 2024 / Published: 22 November 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in Aging and Disease—2nd Edition)
Versions Notes

Abstract

A shared hallmark of age-related neurodegenerative diseases is the chronic activation of innate immune cells, which actively contributes to the neurodegenerative process. In Alzheimer’s disease, this inflammatory milieu exacerbates both amyloid and tau pathology. A similar abnormal inflammatory response has been reported in Parkinson’s disease, with elevated levels of cytokines and other inflammatory intermediates derived from activated glial cells, which promote the progressive loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons. Understanding the causes that support this aberrant inflammatory response has become a topic of growing interest and research in neurodegeneration, with high translational potential. It has been postulated that the phenotypic shift of immune cells towards a proinflammatory state combined with the presence of immunogenic cell death fuels a vicious cycle in which mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role. Mitochondria and mitochondria-generated reactive oxygen species are downstream effectors of different inflammatory signaling pathways, including inflammasomes. Dysfunctional mitochondria are also recognized as important producers of damage-associated molecular patterns, which can amplify the immune response. Here, we review the major findings highlighting the role of mitochondria as a checkpoint of neuroinflammation and immunogenic cell deaths in neurodegenerative diseases. The knowledge of these processes may help to find new druggable targets to modulate the inflammatory response.
Keywords: inflammasomes; pyroptosis; necroptosis; cuproptosis; ferroptosis; mitochondria; mitochondrial oxidative stress; neuroinflammation inflammasomes; pyroptosis; necroptosis; cuproptosis; ferroptosis; mitochondria; mitochondrial oxidative stress; neuroinflammation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Abadin, X.; de Dios, C.; Zubillaga, M.; Ivars, E.; Puigròs, M.; Marí, M.; Morales, A.; Vizuete, M.; Vitorica, J.; Trullas, R.; et al. Neuroinflammation in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants 2024, 13, 1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121440

AMA Style

Abadin X, de Dios C, Zubillaga M, Ivars E, Puigròs M, Marí M, Morales A, Vizuete M, Vitorica J, Trullas R, et al. Neuroinflammation in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants. 2024; 13(12):1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121440

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abadin, Xenia, Cristina de Dios, Marlene Zubillaga, Elia Ivars, Margalida Puigròs, Montserrat Marí, Albert Morales, Marisa Vizuete, Javier Vitorica, Ramon Trullas, and et al. 2024. "Neuroinflammation in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress" Antioxidants 13, no. 12: 1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121440

APA Style

Abadin, X., de Dios, C., Zubillaga, M., Ivars, E., Puigròs, M., Marí, M., Morales, A., Vizuete, M., Vitorica, J., Trullas, R., Colell, A., & Roca-Agujetas, V. (2024). Neuroinflammation in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants, 13(12), 1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121440

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