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Diagnostics
Volume 14
Issue 23
10.3390/diagnostics14232649
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Review

The Interaction and Implication of Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia and Cytokine Release Following Traumatic Injury: A Structured Scoping Review

by
Ibrahim Al-Hassani
1,†,
Naushad Ahmad Khan
2,†,
Eman Elmenyar
3,
Ammar Al-Hassani
4,
Sandro Rizoli
4,
Hassan Al-Thani
5 and
Ayman El-Menyar
2,6,*
1
Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
2
Department of Surgery, Clinical Research, Trauma & Vascular Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar
3
Faculty of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul 34734, Türkiye
4
Department of Surgery, Trauma Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar
5
Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar
6
Department of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Diagnostics 2024, 14(23), 2649; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232649
Submission received: 16 October 2024 / Revised: 14 November 2024 / Accepted: 21 November 2024 / Published: 24 November 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Diagnostic Tools in the Emergency Department (ED): A Possible Help to Avoid Overcrowding)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This is a structured scoping review to assess whether there is a relationship between stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH), cytokine interactions, and mortality in trauma patients in comparison to non-diabetic normoglycemia [NDN], diabetic normoglycemia [DN], and diabetic hyperglycemia [DH]. We conducted a literature search of MEDLINE (PubMed) databases from 2000 to 2022 using a search strategy to identify observational studies. Initially, 2879 articles were retrieved. Of these, 2869 were excluded due to insufficient variables, and non-trauma focuses. Nine studies on the interaction between SIH and proinflammatory cytokines were analyzed. SIH was associated with the highest mortality rate (21.3%), followed by DH (5.4%), DN (2.8%), and NDN (2.3%) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, SIH patients exhibited an 11.28-fold higher likelihood of mortality compared to NDN patients (95% CI [9.13–13.93]; p < 0.001) and a 4.72-fold higher likelihood compared to DH patients (OR 4.72; 95% CI [3.55–6.27]; p < 0.001). SIH patients had elevated IL-6 concentrations relative to NDN, DN, and DH patients. SIH is linked to higher mortality in trauma, with greater odds than NDN. However, the robustness of this association is still being determined due to statistical and clinical variability. Uncertainties about injury severity and IL-6 level similarities between SIH and DH patients require further investigation.
Keywords: trauma; hyperglycemia; stress-induced; cytokines; mortality; structured scoping review trauma; hyperglycemia; stress-induced; cytokines; mortality; structured scoping review

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MDPI and ACS Style

Al-Hassani, I.; Khan, N.A.; Elmenyar, E.; Al-Hassani, A.; Rizoli, S.; Al-Thani, H.; El-Menyar, A. The Interaction and Implication of Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia and Cytokine Release Following Traumatic Injury: A Structured Scoping Review. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 2649. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232649

AMA Style

Al-Hassani I, Khan NA, Elmenyar E, Al-Hassani A, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H, El-Menyar A. The Interaction and Implication of Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia and Cytokine Release Following Traumatic Injury: A Structured Scoping Review. Diagnostics. 2024; 14(23):2649. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232649

Chicago/Turabian Style

Al-Hassani, Ibrahim, Naushad Ahmad Khan, Eman Elmenyar, Ammar Al-Hassani, Sandro Rizoli, Hassan Al-Thani, and Ayman El-Menyar. 2024. "The Interaction and Implication of Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia and Cytokine Release Following Traumatic Injury: A Structured Scoping Review" Diagnostics 14, no. 23: 2649. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232649

APA Style

Al-Hassani, I., Khan, N. A., Elmenyar, E., Al-Hassani, A., Rizoli, S., Al-Thani, H., & El-Menyar, A. (2024). The Interaction and Implication of Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia and Cytokine Release Following Traumatic Injury: A Structured Scoping Review. Diagnostics, 14(23), 2649. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232649

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