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  1. Article: Anti-viral activity of

    Kaushik, Sulochana / Jangra, Ginni / Kundu, Vaibhav / Yadav, Jaya Parkash / Kaushik, Samander

    Virusdisease

    2020  Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 270–276

    Abstract: Chikungunya is one of the highly infectious viral disease without vaccine and anti-viral. Aim ...

    Abstract Chikungunya is one of the highly infectious viral disease without vaccine and anti-viral. Aim of present study is to check the anti-chikungunya activities of
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-05
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2846993-8
    ISSN 2347-3517 ; 2347-3584
    ISSN (online) 2347-3517
    ISSN 2347-3584
    DOI 10.1007/s13337-020-00584-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Editorial: Porcine Anti-Viral Immunity.

    Vlasova, Anastasia N / Butler, John E

    Frontiers in immunology

    2020  Volume 11, Page(s) 399

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Swine/virology ; Swine Diseases/immunology ; Virus Diseases/veterinary
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00399
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Beyond Anti-viral Effects of Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine.

    Gies, Vincent / Bekaddour, Nassima / Dieudonné, Yannick / Guffroy, Aurélien / Frenger, Quentin / Gros, Frédéric / Rodero, Mathieu Paul / Herbeuval, Jean-Philippe / Korganow, Anne-Sophie

    Frontiers in immunology

    2020  Volume 11, Page(s) 1409

    Abstract: ... hydroxychloroquine, and highlights not only their anti-viral effects but also their important immune-modulatory ...

    Abstract As the world is severely affected by COVID-19 pandemic, the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in prevention or for the treatment of patients is allowed in multiple countries but remained at the center of much controversy in recent days. This review describes the properties of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, and highlights not only their anti-viral effects but also their important immune-modulatory properties and their well-known use in autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus and arthritis. Chloroquine appears to inhibit
    MeSH term(s) Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ; Antigen Presentation ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Betacoronavirus/physiology ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Humans ; Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use ; Lysosomes/immunology ; Lysosomes/virology ; Pandemics ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/immunology ; Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Toll-Like Receptors/immunology ; Virus Replication/drug effects ; Virus Replication/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Hydroxychloroquine (4QWG6N8QKH) ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1) ; ACE2 protein, human (EC 3.4.17.23) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01409
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Porcine Anti-viral Immunity: How Important Is It?

    Lager, Kelly M / Buckley, Alexandra C

    Frontiers in immunology

    2019  Volume 10, Page(s) 2258

    Abstract: ... of livestock diseases involves eliminating exposure to pathogens and anti-viral strategies to prevent or reduce ... the development of new approaches to improve swine anti-viral immunity is critical. Rate-limiting steps ... with contributions focusing on anti-viral immunity. ...

    Abstract Pork has become the number one meat consumed worldwide. Meeting the demand for pork has forced the revolution of swine production from traditional husbandry practices that involved a few pigs or small herds to intensive concentration of swine raised in multisite production systems. This dramatic change has made the production of pork very efficient, but it has also changed the ecology of many swine diseases, may encourage the emergence of new diseases, and amplifies the economic impact of swine diseases. Sustained treatment of diseases in livestock production is not feasible making prevention of disease a priority. Prevention of livestock diseases involves eliminating exposure to pathogens and anti-viral strategies to prevent or reduce clinical disease. For some swine diseases, efficacious vaccines can be made, however, for other diseases the host/pathogen relationship is more complex and efficacious vaccines are not available. Given the increasing demand for pork, the development of new approaches to improve swine anti-viral immunity is critical. Rate-limiting steps to improving vaccines are understanding how the pathogen interacts with the host's immune system, any immunopathology resulting from such interactions and how the host's immune system resolves the infection. Solving this puzzle will require sustained research and may require new technologies to battle contemporary diseases now wreaking havoc in swine production systems around the world. This Special Issue will focus on current swine viral diseases that are the most challenging to the global production of pork with contributions focusing on anti-viral immunity.
    MeSH term(s) Animal Husbandry/methods ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents/immunology ; Humans ; Immune System/immunology ; Livestock/immunology ; Livestock/virology ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/immunology ; Swine Diseases/virology ; Virus Diseases/immunology ; Virus Diseases/veterinary
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02258
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Beyond Anti-viral Effects of Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine

    Gies, Vincent / Bekaddour, Nassima / Dieudonné, Yannick / Guffroy, Aurélien / Frenger, Quentin / Gros, Frédéric / Rodero, Mathieu Paul / Herbeuval, Jean-Philippe / Korganow, Anne-Sophie

    Front Immunol

    Abstract: ... hydroxychloroquine, and highlights not only their anti-viral effects but also their important immune-modulatory ...

    Abstract As the world is severely affected by COVID-19 pandemic, the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in prevention or for the treatment of patients is allowed in multiple countries but remained at the center of much controversy in recent days. This review describes the properties of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, and highlights not only their anti-viral effects but also their important immune-modulatory properties and their well-known use in autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus and arthritis. Chloroquine appears to inhibit in vitro SARS virus' replication and to interfere with SARS-CoV2 receptor (ACE2). Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine impede lysosomal activity and autophagy, leading to a decrease of antigen processing and presentation. They are also known to interfere with endosomal Toll-like receptors signaling and cytosolic sensors of nucleic acids, which result in a decreased cellular activation and thereby a lower type I interferons and inflammatory cytokine secretion. Given the antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, there is a rational to use them against SARS-CoV2 infection. However, the anti-interferon properties of these molecules might be detrimental, and impaired host immune responses against the virus. This duality could explain the discrepancy with the recently published studies on CQ/HCQ treatment efficacy in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, although these treatments could be an interesting potential strategy to limit progression toward uncontrolled inflammation, they do not appear per se sufficiently potent to control the whole inflammatory process in COVID-19, and more targeted and/or potent therapies should be required at least in add-on.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #680017
    Database COVID19

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  6. Article ; Online: Beyond Anti-viral Effects of Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine

    Vincent Gies / Nassima Bekaddour / Yannick Dieudonné / Aurélien Guffroy / Quentin Frenger / Frédéric Gros / Mathieu Paul Rodero / Jean-Philippe Herbeuval / Anne-Sophie Korganow

    Frontiers in Immunology, Vol

    2020  Volume 11

    Abstract: ... hydroxychloroquine, and highlights not only their anti-viral effects but also their important immune-modulatory ...

    Abstract As the world is severely affected by COVID-19 pandemic, the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in prevention or for the treatment of patients is allowed in multiple countries but remained at the center of much controversy in recent days. This review describes the properties of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, and highlights not only their anti-viral effects but also their important immune-modulatory properties and their well-known use in autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus and arthritis. Chloroquine appears to inhibit in vitro SARS virus' replication and to interfere with SARS-CoV2 receptor (ACE2). Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine impede lysosomal activity and autophagy, leading to a decrease of antigen processing and presentation. They are also known to interfere with endosomal Toll-like receptors signaling and cytosolic sensors of nucleic acids, which result in a decreased cellular activation and thereby a lower type I interferons and inflammatory cytokine secretion. Given the antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, there is a rational to use them against SARS-CoV2 infection. However, the anti-interferon properties of these molecules might be detrimental, and impaired host immune responses against the virus. This duality could explain the discrepancy with the recently published studies on CQ/HCQ treatment efficacy in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, although these treatments could be an interesting potential strategy to limit progression toward uncontrolled inflammation, they do not appear per se sufficiently potent to control the whole inflammatory process in COVID-19, and more targeted and/or potent therapies should be required at least in add-on.
    Keywords chloroquine ; hydroxychloroquine ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV2 ; interferon ; TLR ; Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; covid19
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Using the Past to Maximize the Success Probability of Future Anti-Viral Vaccines.

    Serwer, Philip

    Vaccines

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 4

    Abstract: Rapid obtaining of safe, effective, anti-viral vaccines has recently risen to the top ... of the international agenda. To maximize the success probability of future anti-viral vaccines, the anti-viral ...

    Abstract Rapid obtaining of safe, effective, anti-viral vaccines has recently risen to the top of the international agenda. To maximize the success probability of future anti-viral vaccines, the anti-viral vaccines successful in the past are summarized here by virus type and vaccine type. The primary focus is on viruses with both single-stranded RNA genomes and a membrane envelope, given the pandemic past of influenza viruses and coronaviruses. The following conclusion is reached, assuming that success of future strategies is positively correlated with strategies successful in the past. The primary strategy, especially for emerging pandemic viruses, should be development of vaccine antigens that are live-attenuated viruses; the secondary strategy should be development of vaccine antigens that are inactivated virus particles. Support for this conclusion comes from the complexity of immune systems. These conclusions imply the need for a revision in current strategic planning.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines8040566
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The anti-viral facet of anti-rheumatic drugs: Lessons from COVID-19.

    Perricone, Carlo / Triggianese, Paola / Bartoloni, Elena / Cafaro, Giacomo / Bonifacio, Angelo F / Bursi, Roberto / Perricone, Roberto / Gerli, Roberto

    Journal of autoimmunity

    2020  Volume 111, Page(s) 102468

    Abstract: ... patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated ... and chloroquine might have a direct anti-viral effect. The anti-viral aspect of immunosuppressants ...

    Abstract The outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has posed the world at a pandemic risk. Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which causes pneumonia, requires intensive care unit hospitalization in about 10% of cases and can lead to a fatal outcome. Several efforts are currently made to find a treatment for COVID-19 patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated some efficacy on COVID-19 both in vitro and in animal models as well as in cases series. In COVID-19 patients a pro-inflammatory status with high levels of interleukin (IL)-1B, IL-1 receptor (R)A and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has been demonstrated. Moreover, high levels of IL-6 and TNF-α have been observed in patients requiring intensive-care-unit hospitalization. This provided rationale for the use of anti-rheumatic drugs as potential treatments for this severe viral infection. Other agents, such as hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine might have a direct anti-viral effect. The anti-viral aspect of immunosuppressants towards a variety of viruses has been known since long time and it is herein discussed in the view of searching for a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Betacoronavirus/drug effects ; COVID-19 ; Chloroquine/therapeutic use ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/pathology ; Cytokines/antagonists & inhibitors ; Cytokines/blood ; Humans ; Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use ; Immunomodulation/drug effects ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Viral/pathology ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antirheumatic Agents ; Antiviral Agents ; Cytokines ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Hydroxychloroquine (4QWG6N8QKH) ; Chloroquine (886U3H6UFF) ; tocilizumab (I031V2H011)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639452-8
    ISSN 1095-9157 ; 0896-8411
    ISSN (online) 1095-9157
    ISSN 0896-8411
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102468
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2368: Show issues Location:
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    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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  9. Article ; Online: Determination of Air Filter Anti-Viral Efficiency against an Airborne Infectious Virus.

    Park, Dae Hoon / Joe, Yun Haeng / Piri, Amin / An, Sanggwon / Hwang, Jungho

    Journal of hazardous materials

    2020  Volume 396, Page(s) 122640

    Abstract: ... However, since aerosolized infectious viral-testing is inadvisable due to safety concerns, their anti-viral capability has ... In this study a novel method of determining anti-viral performance of an air filter against airborne infectious ... viruses is presented. Initially, anti-viral air filter tests were conducted. Firstly, by an air-media test ...

    Abstract Recently, various studies have reported the prevention and treatment of respiratory infection outbreaks caused by lethal viruses. Consequently, a variety of air filters coated with antimicrobial agents have been developed to capture and inactivate virus particles in continuous airflow conditions. However, since aerosolized infectious viral-testing is inadvisable due to safety concerns, their anti-viral capability has only been tested by inserting the filters into liquid media, where infectious virus particles disperse. In this study a novel method of determining anti-viral performance of an air filter against airborne infectious viruses is presented. Initially, anti-viral air filter tests were conducted. Firstly, by an air-media test, in which the air filter was placed against an aerosolized non-infectious virus. Secondly, by a liquid-media test, in which the filter was inserted into a liquid medium containing a non-infectious virus. Subsequently, a correlation was established by comparing the susceptibility constants obtained between the two medium tests and an association was found for the air medium test with infectious virus. After ensuring the relationship did not depend on the virus species, the correlation was used to derive the results of the air-medium test from the results of the liquid-medium test.
    MeSH term(s) Air Filters ; Air Microbiology ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Antiviral Agents ; Filtration ; Viruses
    Chemical Substances Anti-Infective Agents ; Antiviral Agents
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1491302-1
    ISSN 1873-3336 ; 0304-3894
    ISSN (online) 1873-3336
    ISSN 0304-3894
    DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122640
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  10. Article: Low-Cost, Large-Scale Production of the Anti-viral Lectin Griffithsin.

    Decker, John S / Menacho-Melgar, Romel / Lynch, Michael D

    Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology

    2020  Volume 8, Page(s) 1020

    Abstract: Griffithsin, a broad-spectrum antiviral lectin, has potential to prevent and treat numerous viruses including HIV, HCV, HSV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. For these indications, the annual demand for Griffithsin could reach billions of doses and ... ...

    Abstract Griffithsin, a broad-spectrum antiviral lectin, has potential to prevent and treat numerous viruses including HIV, HCV, HSV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. For these indications, the annual demand for Griffithsin could reach billions of doses and affordability is paramount. We report the lab-scale validation of a bioprocess that supports production volumes of >20 tons per year at a cost of goods sold below $3,500/kg. Recombinant expression in engineered
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2719493-0
    ISSN 2296-4185
    ISSN 2296-4185
    DOI 10.3389/fbioe.2020.01020
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