TY  - JOUR
AU  - Irizarry, Taya
AU  - DeVito Dabbs, Annette
AU  - Curran, Christine R
PY  - 2015
DA  - 2015/06/23
TI  - Patient Portals and Patient Engagement: A State of the Science Review
JO  - J Med Internet Res
SP  - e148
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
KW  - electronic personal health record
KW  - patient portal
KW  - patient engagement
KW  - meaningful use
AB  - Background: Patient portals (ie, electronic personal health records tethered to institutional electronic health records) are recognized as a promising mechanism to support greater patient engagement, yet questions remain about how health care leaders, policy makers, and designers can encourage adoption of patient portals and what factors might contribute to sustained utilization. Objective: The purposes of this state of the science review are to (1) present the definition, background, and how current literature addresses the encouragement and support of patient engagement through the patient portal, and (2) provide a summary of future directions for patient portal research and development to meaningfully impact patient engagement. Methods: We reviewed literature from 2006 through 2014 in PubMed, Ovid Medline, and PsycInfo using the search terms “patient portal” OR “personal health record” OR “electronic personal health record”. Final inclusion criterion dictated that studies report on the patient experience and/or ways that patients may be supported to make competent health care decisions and act on those decisions using patient portal functionality. Results: We found 120 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Based on the research questions, explicit and implicit aims of the studies, and related measures addressed, the studies were grouped into five major topics (patient adoption, provider endorsement, health literacy, usability, and utility). We discuss the findings and conclusions of studies that address the five topical areas. Conclusions: Current research has demonstrated that patients’ interest and ability to use patient portals is strongly influenced by personal factors such age, ethnicity, education level, health literacy, health status, and role as a caregiver. Health care delivery factors, mainly provider endorsement and patient portal usability also contribute to patient’s ability to engage through and with the patient portal. Future directions of research should focus on identifying specific populations and contextual considerations that would benefit most from a greater degree of patient engagement through a patient portal. Ultimately, adoption by patients and endorsement by providers will come when existing patient portal features align with patients’ and providers’ information needs and functionality. 
SN  - 1438-8871
UR  - http://www.jmir.org/2015/6/e148/
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.4255
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26104044
DO  - 10.2196/jmir.4255
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/jmir.4255
ER  -