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    GuíaBurros: Spanish Grammar Cheat Sheet: A quick and easy guide to Spanish Grammar
    GuíaBurros: Spanish Grammar Cheat Sheet: A quick and easy guide to Spanish Grammar
    GuíaBurros: Spanish Grammar Cheat Sheet: A quick and easy guide to Spanish Grammar
    Ebook172 pages2 hours

    GuíaBurros: Spanish Grammar Cheat Sheet: A quick and easy guide to Spanish Grammar

    By Laura Carbonell

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    About this ebook

    Pronunciation, Basic grammatical terms, Articles, Articles and adjectives, Demonstrative pronouns, Possessive adjectives and pronouns, Verbs, present tense, Usted and Tú, Important regular verbs, Personal a, Contractions , Verb Gustar, Verbs conjugated like Gustar, Questions, Stem-changing verbs, Super irregular verbs, Adverbs of frequency, Transition words, Reflexive verbs, Reciprocal verbs, Usage of Hace, Immediate future: ir a, The subjunctive mood, And much more….
     
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherEditatum
    Release dateOct 22, 2021
    ISBN9788412453539
    GuíaBurros: Spanish Grammar Cheat Sheet: A quick and easy guide to Spanish Grammar

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    • 4/5
      very good , covers the basics then moves on to advanced spanish in a structured manner

    Book preview

    GuíaBurros - Laura Carbonell

    Introduction

    This is not a run-of-the-mill type Spanish grammar. This is the marrow, the essence of Spanish grammar. There are plenty of books out there that want to teach you Spanish the runaround way. There’s no vocabulary here. You will find the grammatical foundation-bricks to set your Spanish on firm ground. As the title indicates, it’s a cheat sheet to keep handy while studying, speaking or writing. This book is my dad’s and my students´ fault. I had always wanted to write this cheat sheet for years until my dad said: Enough! It’s time to do it. I know from personal experience that reading complicated texts is not my thing; I get confused with long, drawn-out explanations, resulting in my giving up all too soon, and that’s the reason I have tried to simplify, as Thoreau would put it.

    But let me explain where I’m coming from with this book. I was 15 when I started attending my father, Delfin Carbonell Basset, and grandfather Delfin Carbonell Picazo’s language classes. They taught with such utmost precision and passion that their students were as engaged and enthralled as I was. This was no easy feat, at an age where attending classes was a drag. However, from them, I inherited my life-long passion for teaching languages. A gift that these two men handed down to me makes the following quote by Mark Twain true: Find a job you enjoy doing, and you will never have to work a day in your life.

    Teaching and learning don’t have to be a drag. Enthusiasm for the topic you teach will always engage students. Keep the grammar simple, straight to the point, and start practicing right away. I believe that if I find an activity boring, so will my students. But we need grammar. So, I finally sat down and wrote a grammar cheat sheet for handy reference. Learners of Spanish will find here simple grammatical explanations with examples to help reference quickly and start using the language. Languages come alive with practice. If we don’t use them, they are as dead as Latin or Sanskrit. Practice makes perfect. I hope this short guide will help.

    Spanish Grammar Cheat Sheet

    Basic grammatical terms

    Términos gramaticales básicos

    Adjetivo (adjective): dice algo del nombre (tells about the noun).

    Adverbio (adverb): dice algo del verbo (tells about the verb).

    Artículo (article): definido (definite): el, la, lo. Indefinido (indefinite): un, una.

    Conjunción (conjunction): conecta palabras y frases (connects words and sentences).

    Interjección (interjection): exclamación, ¡Ah! ¡Oh! (exclamación).

    Nombre (noun): representa cosas o personas (represents objects or people).

    Objeto directo (direct object): lo que recibe la acción de un verbo intransitivo: Compró un libro. (That which receives the action of intransitive verbs: He bought a book).

    Objeto indirecto (indirect object): para qué o quién es la acción de un verbo transitivo: Le hice una pregunta. (what/who receives the action of a transitive verb:I asked him a question.

    Preposición (preposition): relaciona nombres (links nouns).

    Pronombre (pronoun): ocupa el lugar del nombre (takes the place of the noun).

    Sintaxis (syntax): orden de las palabras (word order).

    Verbo auxiliar (auxiliary verb): verbos que ayudan a otros: haber, ser, estar. (Helping verbs: have, be).

    Verbo intransitivo (intransitive verb): no lleva objeto. directo: Fracasó. Se rió. El viento sopla (doesn’t have a direct object: He failed. She laughed. The wind blows).

    Verbo transitivo (transitive verb). Necesita objeto directo: Compré un coche (needs a direct object: I bought a car).

    Verbo (verb): indica acción (indicates action).

    EXAMPLES:¹

    Nombre: El perro.

    Pronombre: Él corre despacio.

    Adjetivo: El perro bonito.

    Verbo: El perro bonito corre.

    Adverbio: El perro bonito corre veloz.

    Preposición: El perro bonito corre veloz hacia la cuadra.

    Conjunción: El perro bonito y blanco corre veloz hacia la casa.

    Artículo: El perro bonito y blanco corre veloz hacia la casa.

    Interjección: Oh, el perro bonito y blanco corre veloz hacia la casa.

    Verbo intransitivo: Oh, el perro bonito y blanco corre veloz.

    Verbo transitivo: Oh, el perro bonito y blanco lame el hueso.

    Pronunciation (pronunciación)

    Language is sound. The sounds of English and Spanish are different and, to be understood, it’s essential to reproduce them well. This is not easy. Spanish vowels have no equivalent in English. The consonants /t/ /d/ /b/ /p/ /r/ /rr/ /j/ /h/ /v/ are drastically different in both languages and mispronouncing them gives the speaker away immediately as to their nationality. Luckily, we can outsource phonetics on line.

    Most bilingual dictionaries carry voice pronunciations we can listen to again and again. In this case, listening makes perfect.

    Articles (Artículos)

    Imagen

    Some nouns are el, others are la: el lápiz(pencil), la pluma (pen), el cuaderno (notebook), la mano (hand), el pie (foot), la puerta (door), el pupitre (desk).

    ✎ NOTE: always learn nouns with the article.

    Imagen

    Articles and adjectives (Artículos y adjetivos)

    Imagen

    Adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun, and are placed after it.

    ► Lo is used:

    Lo malo: The bad thing is.

    Lo difícil: The difficult thing is.

    Lo bueno: The good thing is.

    Lo bonito: The nice thing is.

    ✎ NOTE: The article un, una, is NOT used before professions:

    Soy médico. I am a doctor.

    Mi padre es profesor. My father is a teacher.

    Only used when an adjective is involved:

    Soy un médico bueno. I am a good doctor.

    Mi padre es un profesor estricto. My father is a strict teacher.

    Demonstrative pronouns (Pronombres demostrativos)

    Imagen

    M: Masculine/ F: Femenine

    Este: close to the speaker / Ese: close to the listener

    Aquel: away from both listener and speaker

    ✎ NOTE: we have to make sure gender and number agree with the objects.

    EXAMPLES:

    Necesito este libro. I need this book.

    Necesito esta pluma. I need this pen.

    Quiero ese ordenador. I want that computer.

    Ana prefiere esas sandalias. Anne prefers those sandals.

    Aquellas plantas necesitan agua. Those plants over there need water.

    ✎ NOTE: esto,

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