public class User implements Serializable {
//class attributes, constructors, setters and getters as shown above
/**
* Always treat de-serialization as a full-blown constructor, by validating the final state of the de-serialized object.
*/
private void readObject(ObjectInputStream aInputStream) throws ClassNotFoundException, IOException
{
// perform the default de-serialization first
aInputStream.defaultReadObject();
// make defensive copy of the mutable Date field
dateOpened = new Date(dateOpened.getTime());
// ensure that object state has not been corrupted or tampered with malicious code
//validateUserInfo();
}
/**
* This is the default implementation of writeObject. Customize as necessary.
*/
private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream aOutputStream) throws IOException {
//ensure that object is in desired state. Possibly run any business rules if applicable.
//checkUserInfo();
// perform the default serialization for all non-transient, non-static fields
aOutputStream.defaultWriteObject();
}
}
REQUEST: Only when the request comes directly from the client
FORWARD: Only when the request has been forwarded to a component (see Transferring Control to Another Web Component)
INCLUDE: Only when the request is being processed by a component that has been included (see Including Other Resources in the Response)
ERROR: Only when the request is being processed with the error page mechanism (see Handling Servlet Errors)
You can direct the filter to be applied to any combination of the preceding situations by selecting multiple dispatcher types. If no types are specified, the default option is REQUEST.
Currently adding a column to a table with a non-NULL default results in
a rewrite of the table. For large tables this can be both expensive and
disruptive. This patch removes the need for the rewrite as long as the
default value is not volatile. The default expression is evaluated at
the time of the ALTER TABLE and the result stored in a new column
(attmissingval) in pg_attribute, and a new column (atthasmissing) is set
to true. Any existing row when fetched will be supplied with the
attmissingval. New rows will have the supplied value or the default and
so will never need the attmissingval.
C. Chang, R. Stachowitz, and J. Combs. Tools for Artificial Intelligence, 1990.,Proceedings of the 2nd International
IEEE Conference on, (November 1990)