Writing Sample N

2024

Paper presented at the ICTMD - Study Group on African Musics 4th Conference conducted through ZOOM from 8th -12th July 2024. ABSTRACT: Most often, musical sounds are on the move. Some sounds move together with people who make them. Other sounds move through other means such as radio, TV, social media, recordings and other forms of sound reproduction. This paper discusses the process of music mobility by focusing on the music of a Tanzanian musician Arnold Chiwalala who since the late 1990s has been living and working in Finland. First, I examine how Chiwalala fuses. Tanzanian traditional music and playing techniques of Tanzanian stringed instruments Zeze and Litungu with Finnish music and the playing techniques of a Finnish national instrument Kantele. The paper argues that the Tanzanian music and sounds adopted by Chiwalala undergo various morphological, thematic, and performative transformations when they travel and are hybridized with Finnish music. To illustrate this thesis, the paper analyzes selected songs and video presentations of the song performances by Chiwalala. The hybridization process and the resulting sounds are also vividly represented by a musical new style invented by Chiwalala called Chizentele, a name that Chiwalala himself coined to refer to the new musical style that combines styles of playing Zeze and Kantele instruments.

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Bactria Silver Vase explains the secret essence of the Veda in two grapheme sets – 1. Veda yajna performance – top register and 2. Bṛhat ‘the Veda’ – bottom register; பகடு pakaṭu , n. cf. bṛhat. A team of oxen harnessed to a plough; ஏர். பகடு புரந்தருநர் பார மோம்பி (புறநா. 35). --అరక araka ’A plough with bullocks complete’ rebus: arka ‘copper; ಅಗಸಾಲೆ agal-sale ‘goldsmith workshop’ -- karṣaṇa ‘cultivated land’ rebus: kā́rṣāpaṇika 'worth or bought for a kārṣāpaṇa' Pāṇ

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Shima Journal, 2024

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Scripta Mediaevalia - Revista de Pensamiento Medieval ISSN: 1851-8753 - e-ISSN: 2362-4868, 2009

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The field survey conducted in Rajasthan, India, unveiled the widespread occurrence of Fusarium wilt in cumin fields that have been continuously cultivated for approximately 4 to 5 years. The incidence of this disease exceeded 30%, affecting cumin plants at all stages of growth, with severe symptoms ultimately resulting in the complete mortality of the plants. In laboratory studies, a bacterial isolate known as Bacillus licheniformis (CSR-D4) exhibited remarkable in vitro effectiveness, significantly inhibiting Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cumnini (FOC) mycelial growth by an impressive 79.85%. In controlled pot experiments, cumin plants treated with B. licheniformis (CSR-D4) displayed milder symptoms than untreated plants, demonstrating a notably higher tolerance level, with only a 15% disease incidence as opposed to 90% in untreated plants. Further analysis of defense enzymes revealed elevated chlorophyll, carotenoid, peroxidase activity levels, and proline content in cumin plants treated with B. licheniformis (CSR-D4). Field assessments confirmed the efÏcacy of this bacterial isolate, as it successfully suppressed wilt incidence by 60%, significantly increased crop yield by 71.16%, and promoted root and shoot growth. Notably, applying B. licheniformis (CSR-D4) did not negatively impact beneficial microorganisms, and no adverse phytotoxic symptoms were observed. This study underscores the considerable potential of B. licheniformis (CSR-D4) in managing Fusarium wilt, offering an environmentally friendly and highly effective solution to enhance the health and productivity of pea plants.

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ugm, 2024

Ketahanan Pangan

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