INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE
METHODOLOGY & ARCHAEOMETRY
06
1
TH
06
INTERNATIONAL
SCIENTIFIC
CONFERENCE
M e t h od olo g y & A r c h a e o m e t ry
Z a g r e b , 6 th ‒ 7 th D e c e m b e r 2 0 1 8
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE
METHODOLOGY & ARCHAEOMETRY
06
1
TH
06
INTERNATIONAL
SCIENTIFIC
CONFERENCE
M e t h od olo g y & A r c h a e o m e t ry
Z a g r e b , 6 th ‒ 7 th D e c e m b e r 2 0 1 8
IMPRESSUM
PUBLISHER
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb
Croatian Archaeological Society
FOR THE PUBLISHER
Vesna Vlahović-Štetić
Jacqueline Balen
EDITOR
Ina Miloglav
CONFERENCE ORGANISED BY
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb
and the Croatian Archaeological Society
DESIGN & LAYOUT
Srećko Škrinjarić
PRINTED BY
Tiskara Zelina
PRINT RUN
100 copies
ISBN
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb
978-953-175-745-4
Croatian Archaeological Society
978-953-6335-14-5
CIP record 001013095 available in online catalogue of the Zagreb National and University Library.
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
This year’s Conference has been financially supported by the Croatian Archaeological Society,
the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb and the Ministry of Science
and Education of the Republic of Croatia.
TH
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INTERNATIONAL
SCIENTIFIC
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M e t h od olo g y & A r c h a e o m e t ry
Zagreb, 6 th ‒ 7 th December 2018
http://www.ffzg.unizg.hr/metarh/
CONTENT
Conference Methodology and Archaeometry
7
List of participants
9
Programme
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Abstracts
31
Notes
58
Navigation & General Information
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CONFERENCE METHODOLOGY & ARCHAEOMETRY
he scientific conference Methodology and Archaeometry is being organised by the
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences since 2013.
The goal of the conference is to entice interdisciplinarity, critical thinking, new insights and approaches as well as new theoretical frameworks in contemporary archaeological science.
T
Coverage of a wide spectrum of themes and scientific disciplines has resulted in papers
and discussions that promote scientific issues in the fields of methodology, documentation and interpretation of archaeological data.
The interdisciplinary character of the conference brings together archaeologists and researchers from other scientific disciplines with whom archaeologists collaborate closely;
and who – through their work, projects and ideas – promote new insights about Interpretation of the human life in the past.
Section Methodology
Obtaining and collecting data is an essential part of the archaeological research process.
How we collect and interpret data defines the validity of our interpretation. We use different techniques, approaches and tools which help us to reconstruct the past processes
and to give more objective and comprehensive picture of the past. Contemporary interpretation tools alleviate and speed the data collection and also provide us with countless
possibilities of interpretation, protection and presentation of archaeological sites and
the landscapes encompassing them.
Section Archaeometry
Having in mind limited information we obtain from archaeological excavations and from
the classification of archaeological material, cooperation with other scientific disciplines
becomes unnecessary, to obtain as much information as possible on the conditions and
the way in which the humans lived in the past. Contemporary archaeology is a very heterogeneous discipline encompassing interest groups focussed on various periods, regions,
theoretical frameworks and methodological techniques. Aside from the description of
mechanical and physical features of a specific artefact or material, various arhaeometrical analyses help us to direct our scientific focus to questions regarding the ways and
features included in the social and cultural life of people who made, used, exchanged
and discarded those objects. Cooperation with the natural sciences provides answers
to many questions, but it also demands an additional level of caution when selecting
adequate scientific analysis for a specific archaeological problem. It also demands a continuous cooperation of a specific expert and an archaeologist from sample collection to
the final interpretation.
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
AGOLLI ESMERALDA
Department of Archaeology and Culture Heritage, Faculty of History and Philology,
Rruga e Elbasanit, Tirana, Albania
esmeralda.agolli@unitir.edu.al
ANDRAŠIĆ IZABELA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
iandrasic@ffzg.hr
ANĐELINOVIĆ ŠIMUN
Clinical Department for Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology, Clinical Hospital Center,
Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split; University Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Split,
Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
siandjelinovic@gmail.com
ANĐELKOVIĆ GRAŠAR JELENA
Institute of Archaeology, Kneza Mihaila 35/IV, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
jelenandjelkovic@gmail.com
ANTONOVIĆ DRAGANA
Institute of Archaeology, Kneza Mihaila 35/IV, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
d.antonovic@ai.ac.rs
BAJNÓCZI BERNADETT
Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy
and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1112 Budapest, Budaörsi út 45, Hungary
bajnoczi.bernadett@csfk.mta.hu
BALEN JACQUELINE
Archaeological Museum in Zagreb, Nikola Šubić Zrinski Square 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
jbalen@amz.hr
BANDA MARKO
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
mabanda@ffzg.hr
BARBIR ANTONELA
Institute of Archaeology, Gajeva 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
abarbir@iarh.hr
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BAREŠIĆ JADRANKA
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
jbaresic@irb.hr
BASAR PETRA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana,
Zavetiška 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
petra.basar@gmail.com
BAŠIĆ ŽELJANA
University Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Split,
Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
zbasic@unist.hr
BORKOVIĆ DAMIR
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
damir.borkovic@irb.hr
BOROJEVIĆ ŠOŠTARIĆ SIBILA
Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb,
Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
sibila.borojevic-sostaric@rgn.hr
BOŠNJAK SLAVICA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
slavicabosnjak9@gmail.com
BRANKOVIĆ DALIBOR
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
dalibrank@gmail.com
BRENKO TOMISLAV
Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb,
Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
tomislav.brenko@oblak.rgn.hr
BULIAN LUKA
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture,
University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
luka.bulian@fsb.hr
BURIĆ MARCEL
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
mburic@ffzg.hr
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DÁGI MARIANNA
Museum of Fine Arts, H-1146 Budapest, Dózsa Gy. út 41, Hungary
mariann@szepmuveszeti.hu
DIMIĆ VIDAN
Institute of Archaeology, Kneza Mihaila 35/IV, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
v.dimic@ai.ac.rs
ESSERT SARA
Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb,
Marulićev trg 20/II, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
sara.essert@biol.pmf.hr
FÓRIZS ISTVÁN
Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy
and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences,
H-1112 Budapest, Budaörsi út 45, Hungary
forizs.istvan@csfk.mta.hu
GABRIĆ PETAR
Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
pgabric@ffzg.hr
GAJSKI DUBRAVKO
Chair for Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb,
Kačićeva 26, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
dgajski@gmail.com
GRUŠKOVNJAK LUKA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana,
Aškerčeva 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
luka.gruskovnjak@ff.uni-lj.si
HORN BARBARA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana,
Zavetiška 5, 1000 Ljubljana; Gearh d.o.o., Radvanjska 13, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
barbarahorn01@gmail.com
JELINČIĆ VUČKOVIĆ KRISTINA
Institute of Archaeology, Ljudevita Gaja 32, 1000 Zagreb, Croatia
kristina.jelincic@iarh.hr
JERKOVIĆ IVAN
University Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Split,
Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
ivanjerkovic13@gmail.com
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JOVANOVIĆ JELENA
Laboratory for Bioarchaeology, Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy, University
of Belgrade, Čika Ljubina 18-20, 11000 Belgrade; BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad,
Dr. Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
jelena.jovanovic@f.bg.ac.rs
KARAVANIĆ IVOR
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
ikaravan@ffzg.hr
KARAVANIĆ SNJEŽANA
Institute of Archaeology, Ljudevita Gaja 32, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
snjezana.karavanic@iarh.hr
KOKALJ ŽIGA
Slovenian Centre of Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies, SPACE-SI,
Aškerčeva cesta 12, 1000 Ljubljana; Research Centre of Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts,
Novi trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
ziga.kokalj@zrc-sazu.si
KRAJCAR BRONIĆ INES
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
krajcar@irb.hr
KREITER ATTILA
Hungarian National Museum, Múzeum krt. 14-16, Budapest, Hungary
kreiter.attila@hnm.hu
KRUŽIĆ IVANA
University Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Split,
Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
ivana.kruzic@unist.hr
KUDELIĆ ANDREJA
Institute of Archaeology, Ljudevita Gaja 32, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
andreja.kudelic@iarh.hr
KULENOVIĆ IGOR
Department of Tourism and Communication Studies, University of Zadar,
dr. Franje Tuđmana 24i, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
ikulenovic@unizd.hr
KULENOVIĆ OCELIĆ NEDA
Ulica Andrije Hebranga 21, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
nedaocelić@gmail.com
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LACKOVIĆ PETRA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
petra.lackovic993@gmail.com
LONČARIĆ VALENTINA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
valentinalonc.vl@gmail.com
LOZINA ANTE
University Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Split,
Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
ante.lozina@unist.hr
MARIJAN MIA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
mia.marijan@gmail.com
MARKOVIĆ JELENA
Laboratory for Bioarchaeology, Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy,
University of Belgrade, Čika Ljubina 18-20, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
jmarkovicc.bg@gmail.com
MATIJAŠIĆ ROBERT
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Landscape Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities,
Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Ivana Matetića Ronjgova 1, 52 100 Pula, Croatia
robert.matijasic@unipu.hr
MAY ZOLTÁN
Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences,
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Hungary
may.zoltan@ttk.mta.hu
MEDARIĆ IGOR
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana,
Zavetiška 5, 1000 Ljubljana; Gearh d.o.o., Radvanjska 13, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
igor_medo@yahoo.com
MENELAOU SERGIOS
Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations, Koç University,
İstiklal Caddesi No: 181 Merkez Han, Beyoğlu, 34433, Istanbul, Turkey
smenelaou18@ku.edu.tr
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MILKE RALF
Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin,
Malteserstraße 74/100, 12249 Berlin, Germany
milke@zedat.fu-berlin.de
MILOTIĆ MARNO
Public Institution Brijuni National Park, Croatia
ravnatelj@np-brijuni.hr
MILOGLAV INA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
imilogla@ffzg.hr
MLEKUŽ DIMITRIJ
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Zavetiška 5, 1000 Ljubljana;
Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia, Poljanska c. 40, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
dmlekuz@gmail.com
MOZGAI VIKTÓRIA
Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy
and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1112 Budapest, Budaörsi út 45, Hungary
mozgai.viktoria@csfk.mta.hu
MRÁV ZSOLT
Hungarian National Museum, H-1088 Budapest, Múzeum körút 14–16, Hungary
mrav.zsolt@hnm.hu
MUŠIČ BRANKO
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana,
Zavetiška 5, 1000 Ljubljana; Gearh d.o.o., Radvanjska 13, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
brankomusic1@yahoo.com
NOVAKOVIĆ PREDRAG
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana,
Zavetiška 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
predrag.novakovic@gmail.com
OVČARIĆ FRANKA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
franka.ovcaric@gmail.com
OŽANIĆ ROGULJIĆ IVANA
Institute of Archaeology, Ljudevita Gaja 32, 1000 Zagreb, Croatia
iozanic@iarh.hr
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PARAMAN LUJANA
Trogir City Museum, Gradska vrata 4, 21220 Trogir, Croatia
lujaparaman@gmail.com
PARK KI SUK
Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin,
Malteserstraße 74/100, 12249 Berlin, Germany
gemma869884@hotmail.com
PAVLOVIĆ LUNA
Division of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, Zagreb, Croatia
luna.pavlovic@gmail.com
PENDIĆ JUGOSLAV
BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad,
Dr. Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
jugoslav.pendic@biosense.rs
PERHAJ GABRIJELA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
gabrijelaperhaj@gmail.com
PERNICKA ERNST
Curt-Engelhorn-Zentrum Archäometrie gGmbH, D6, 3, D-68159, Mannheim;
Institut für Geowissenschaften, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg,
Im Neuenheimer Feld 234–236, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
ernst.pernicka@cez-archaeometrie.de
POLONIJO LAURA
Siget 15 e, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
laura.polonijo@gmail.com
POPOVIĆ SARA
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Landscape Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities,
Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, I. Matetića Ronjgova 1, Pula, Croatia
sara.popovic@unipu.hr
POTREBICA HRVOJE
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
hpotrebi@ffzg.hr
REINHOLD SABINE
Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Im Dol 2-6, Haus II, 14195 Berlin, Germany
sabine.reinhold@dainst.de
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RUŽIČIĆ STANKO
Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb,
Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
stanko.ruzicic@rgn.hr
RYBACKI ERIK
Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Section 3.2,
Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
erik.rybacki@gfz-potsdam.de
SEIFRIED REBECCA M.
Institute for Mediterranean Studies, Foundation for Research and Technology,
Hellas Melissinou and Nikiforou Foka 130 Rethymno 74100, Crete, Greece
rmseifried@ims.forth.com
SIRONIĆ ANDREJA
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
asironic@irb.hr
SIROVICA FILOMENA
Archaeological Museum in Zagreb, Trg Nikole Šubića Zrinskog 19, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
fsirovica@amz.hr
SOLTER ANA
Archaeological Museum in Zagreb, Nikola Šubić Zrinski Square 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
asolter@amz.hr
STEFANOVIĆ SOFIJA
Laboratory for Bioarchaeology, Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy,
University of Belgrade, Čika Ljubina 18-20, 11000 Belgrade; BioSense Institute,
University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
sofija.stefanovic@biosense.rs
ŠIMIĆ DORA
Naumovac 25a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
dorasimic989@gmail.com
ŠOŠIĆ KLINDŽIĆ RAJNA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
rsosic@ffzg.hr
ŠPRAJC IVAN
Research Centre of Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Novi trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
sprajc@zrc-sazu.si
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ŠPREM KATARINA
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Landscape Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities,
Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, I. Matetića Ronjgova 1, Pula, Croatia
ksprem@unipu.hr
ŠTAJDOHAR JASMINA
Slovenian Centre of Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies, SPACE-SI,
Aškerčeva cesta 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
jasmina.stajdohar@zrc-sazu.si
TANKOSIĆ ŽARKO
Norwegian Institute at Athens/Indiana University, Tsami Karatasou 5, 11742 Athens, Greece
zarko.tankosic@uib.no
TAPAVIČKI-ILIĆ MILICA
Institute of Archaeology, Kneza Mihaila 35/IV, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
mtapavic@sbb.rs
TOMAC GORAN
Trebevićka 28, Zagreb, Croatia
gorantomac.n7@gmail.com
TOMAS HELENA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
htomas@ffzg.hr
TOMIĆ BRANKA
Department of Textile Chemistry and Ecology, Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb,
Prilaz baruna Filipovića 28a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
tomic.branka9@gmail.com
TOPA BOGLÁRKA A.
Department of Mineralogy, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest;
Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, Hungarian Natural History Museum,
H-1083 Ludovika tér 2–6, Budapest, Hungary
topabogi@gmail.com
TÓTH MÁRIA
Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth
Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1112 Budapest, Budaörsi út 45, Hungary
totyi0713@gmail.com
TRESIĆ PAVIČIĆ DINKO
Kaducej Ltd., Papandopulova 27, Split, Croatia
dtresic@gmail.com
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TURKALJ KRISTINA
Institute of Archaeology, Ljudevita Gaja 32, 1000 Zagreb, Croatia
kristina.turkalj@iarh.hr
UREM-KOTSOU DUSHKA
Democritus University of Thrace, Department of History and Ethnology,
Tsaldari 1, 69 100 Komotini, Greece
durem@he.duth.gr
VITEZOVIĆ SELENA
Institute of Archaeology, Kneza Mihaila 35/IV, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
s.vitezovic@ai.ac.rs
VRKIĆ ŠIME
Department of Tourism and Communication Studies, University of Zadar,
dr. Franje Tuđmana 24i, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
svrkic@unizd.hr
VUJEVIĆ DARIO
Department of Archaeology, University of Zadar, Mihovila Pavlinovića bb, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
dario.vujevic@gmail.com
VUKMANIĆ IGOR
Archaeological museum in Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 2, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
amolimes@gmail.com
VUKOSAVLJEVIĆ NIKOLA
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
nvukosav@ffzg.hr
VUKOVIĆ MIROSLAV
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Ivana Lučića 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
mivukovic@ffzg.hr
WEISZBURG TAMÁS G.
Department of Mineralogy, Eötvös Loránd University,
H-1117 Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, Hungary
glauconite@gmail.com
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PROGRAMME
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PROGRAMME
Thursday, 6st of December
9:00 – 9:15
Opening
Key-note lecture:
9:15 – 9:45
Dimitrij Mlekuž
ALS and landscape archaeology
Chair: Jacqueline Balen
9:45 – 10:00
Predrag Novaković & Dimitrij Mlekuž
Challenges of Big data in archaeology
10:05 – 10:20
Sara Popović
ArchaeoCulTour project – an integrated approach to landscape study
10:25 – 10:40
Lujana Paraman, Filomena Sirovica & Dinko Tresić Pavičić
Sutilija hill above Trogir: Value loss assessment of the site damaged by contemporary
stone exploitation
10:45 – 11:00
Branko Mušič, Igor Medarić, Barbara Horn, Petra Basar, Hrvoje Potrebica, Igor Vukmanić,
Ina Miloglav & Rajna Šošić Klindžić
Archaeological geophysics – an overview on experiences from surveys in Slavonia
and Baranja
11:05 – 11:35
COFFEE BREAK (Library Foyer)
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Chair: Predrag Novaković
11:35 – 11:50
Luka Gruškovnjak
Theoretical models of soil formation and soil geomorphology and their archaeological
implications
11:55 - 12:10
Žarko Tankosić
An Approach to Survey Methodology from the Aegean: Norwegian Archaeological Survey
in the Karystia
12:15 - 12:30
Rebecca M. Seifried & Helena Tomas
The Trials and Tribulations of Surveying the Cetina River Valley
12:35 - 12:50
Dubravko Gajski & Ana Solter
Spatial accuracy of a photogrammetrically reconstructed archaeological artefacts
12:55 - 13:10
Ivana Ožanić Roguljić, Kristina Turkalj & Kristina Jelinčić Vučković
The database of antique (Greek and Roman) archaeological sites of the Republic of Croatia
13:15 – 13:35
COFFEE BREAK (Library Foyer)
Chair: Rajna Šošić Klindžić
13:35 - 13:50
Dushka Urem-Kotsou
Pottery and cooking practices. An experimental approach to the study of use-alterations
related to processing of food
13:55 - 14:10
Andreja Kudelić, Ina Miloglav, Izabela Andrašić, Dalibor Branković, Petra Lacković, Valentina
Lončarić, Mia Marijan, Franka Ovčarić & Gabrijela Perhaj
Understanding the complex mechanisms of ceramic production in prehistory
– experimental approach
14:15- 14:30
Milica Tapavički-Ilić & Jelena Anđelković Grašar
Storytelling. Is there a better method of archaeological site interpretation?
14:35- 14:50
Katarina Šprem & Ivor Karavanić
Results of a second lithic trampling experiment – some questions and a few answers
14:55 - 15:10
Franka Ovčarić & Branka Tomić
An experimental approach to reconstruction of wool dyeing in archaeology
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15:15 - 15:30
Dora Šimić & Slavica Bošnjak
The technology of processing hard animal materials from the Vučedol site
15:35 – 16:30
LUNCH BREAK
16:30 - 17:15
POSTER PRESENTATION in the Library Foyer
Vidan Dimić
In chase for traces -experimental researches of polished stone axes, adzes and chisels
and comparative traceological analyses
Katarina Šprem, Robert Matijašić & Rajna Šošić Klindžić
Stone as a resource in prehistory and antiquity
Selena Vitezović
Reconstructing the chaîne opératoire of the prehistoric osseous artefacts
Dragana Antonović, Selena Vitezović & Vidan Dimić
Tracing the evidence of prehistoric copper mining in Serbia
Antonela Barbir, Nikola Vukosavljević & Dario Vujević
Methodological approach to the taphonomic analysis of archaeomalacological
assemblages: a case study of Vlakno cave
Viktória Mozgai, Boglárka A. Topa, Tamás G. Weiszburg, Zsolt Mráv & Bernadett Bajnóczi
Study of the niello inlays of a unique late Roman silver augur staff (lituus) from Brigetio,
Pannonia (Hungary)
Jugoslav Pendić, Jelena Jovanović, Sofija Stefanović & Jelena Marković
People of Lepenski Vir: first results of developing guidelines for digitalization of osteoarchaeological record
Miroslav Vuković, Helena Tomas, Nikola Vukosavljević & Marcel Burić
Image-based modelling approach to the documentation of Crvenkuša cave site
Igor Kulenović, Šime Vrkić & Neda Kulenović Ocelić
Documenting, analyzing and evaluating a Dinaric karst landscape
Barbara Horn, Branko Mušič, Igor Medarić & Dimitrij Mlekuž
Geophysical and archaeological research of Eneolithic pile dwelling settlement
Gornje Mostišče – emphasis on electrical resistivity tomography method
Jasmina Štajdohar, Žiga Kokalj & Ivan Šprajc
Lidar-based volumetric analysis of Maya settlement in the southeastern
Campeche, Mexico
Miroslav Vuković, Ina Miloglav & Ivana Ožanić Roguljić
Methodological approach to a digital reconstruction of the Late Antiquity drywall
structures from Banjače site (South Croatia)
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AFTERNOON PROGRAMME
18:00
Visit to Archaeological Museum in Zagreb - conservation and preparation workshops,
Museum depository and permanent exhibitions
20:00
Mingling in Kota café bar, Medulićeva 20.
Friday, 7th of December
Chair: Jacqueline Balen
10:00 - 10:15
Ki Suk Park, Ralf Milke, Erik Rybacki & Sabine Reinhold
Application of image analysis for the identification of ceramic pottery production
technologies in the North Caucasus in the Bronze Age and the Iron Age
10:20 - 10:35
Andreja Kudelić, Attila Kreiter & Dinko Tresić Pavičić
Reconstructing the chaîne opératoire of Middle Bronze Age Pannonian Encrusted pottery:
a case study of Jagodnjak-Krčevine (NE Croatia)
10:40 - 10:55
Esmeralda Agolli
Classification of Archaeological Ceramics: Insights from a Conceptual
and Ideational Perspective
11:00 - 11:15
Sergios Menelaou
Beyond networks and macro-scale analysis: unravelling local micro-histories of pottery
through an integrated methodology
11:20 - 11:35
Rajna Šošić Klindžić
After archaeometry gives us 42, what do we do?
11:40 - 12:10
COFFEE BREAK (Library Foyer)
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Chair: Selena Vitezović
12:10 - 12:25
Viktória Mozgai, Bernadett Bajnóczi, Ernst Pernicka, Zoltán May, István Fórizs,
Zsolt Mráv, Marianna Dági & Mária Tóth
Multi-analytical archaeometric investigation of late Roman silver objects from the Pannonian provinces – implications on composition, raw material provenance and technology
12:30 – 12:45
Tomislav Brenko, Sibila Borojević Šoštarić &, Stanko Ružičić
Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of ore for possible iron production
in Podravina region, NE Croatia
12:50 - 13:05
Ivan Jerković, Željana Bašić Ivana Kužić & Šimun Anđelinović
Application of posterior probabilities in osteometric sex estimation:
a study on antique and late antique Salona population
13:10 – 13:25
Ante Lozina, Ivana Kružić, Šimun Anđelinović & Željana Bašić
Procedures regarding human osteological remains from excavation to presentation
– European experiences
13:30 – 13:45
Goran Tomac
Mesolithic diet in the Žukovica cave (South Dalmatia, Croatia)
13:50 - 14:10
COFFEE BREAK (Library Foyer)
Chair: Nikola Vukosavljević
14:10 – 14:25
Andreja Sironić, Jadranka Barešić & Ines Krajcar Bronić
Bone dating at the Zagreb Radiocarbon laboratory, Croatia
14:30 – 14:45
Ines Krajcar Bronić, Andreja Sironić, Damir Borković & Marno Milotić
Can we determine the age of an old olive tree by the 14C dating method?
14:50 – 15:05
Laura Polonijo, Sara Essert, Andreja Kudelić & Snježana Karavanić
New evidence of nutritional habits during the Late Bronze Age: analysis of the carbonized
plant remains from Kalnik-Igrišče
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15:10 – 15:25
Luna Pavlović
Archaeobotanical research of the prehistoric site Ripač, Bosnia and Herzegovina
15:30 – 15:45
Petar Gabrić, Marko Banda, Ivor Karavanić & Luka Bulian
Lower and Middle Palaeolithic stone toolmaking and language:
a preliminary experimental archaeological and psycholinguistic study
15:50
CLOSING
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ABSTRACTS
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Dimitrij Mlekuž
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana;
Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
ALS and landscape archaeology
or the last decade, ALS (Airborne Laser Scanning, or LiDAR) has become a relatively
well known and accommodated technology in archaeology. A lot has been said on
different technical aspects of ALS, mainly technological, data processing and visualisation challenges, while significantly less discussion was devoted to the impact ALS has on
landscape archaeology and archaeology in general. The paper reflects on those issues,
mainly: How to meaningfully accommodate ALS in landscape archaeology? What we actually do when we interpret ALS imagery? Which aspects of past landscapes does ALS allow
us to see? Which not? What kind of past landscapes does ALS allow us to imagine? What
are some challenges in the interpretation of ALS imagery? How to creatively engage with
technology to explore new ways of engaging with ALS?
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Predrag Novaković1 & Dimitrij Mlekuž 1,2
1
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana;
2
Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Challenges of Big data in archaeology
rchaeology has very ambitious goals – to discover and interpret as many as possible
aspects and phenomena of human life and activities in the past in every corner of
our world and to assist with its knowledge in heritage protection, presentation and
management in our societies. Archaeology is constantly expanding its field of expertise
and research, together with its ability to deal with increasing quantity of data. But it is
not the sheer quantity of data which requires reconsideration of data management in
archaeology, it is the structure of data which is actually causing greater problems. Seeing the increased quantity as the only major problem would lead us to the ‘conveyer belt
philosophy’; it would suffice to develop appropriately faster and more efficient ways for
data retrieval, storage and processing. This is a classical positivist view from which stems
that more data means more accurate and better answers. But this ignores basic dialectic
of science and research where theory, practice and environment in which science is practised, contrasted to each other, and result in new ideas and concepts. Mayer-Schönberg
and Cukier (2013, 13-15) speak of three major shifts associated with Big Data. In the first
place, there is a shift from sampling small (and as representative as possible) samples to
sampling all. The second shift is from exactitude of data on smaller scales of observation
towards their messiness on larger scales which, instead, enables insights at macro levels.
And, finally, there is a shift from searching principal causality within data towards revealing correlations within data. Current definitions of Big Data frequently stress 3Vs when
describing its nature – Volume, Variety and Velocity. Some add another 2Vs to it – Veracity and Value. Each of the individual Vs brings major changes which are discussed in this
paper.
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Sara Popović
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Landscape Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities,
Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Croatia
ArchaeoCulTour project – an integrated approach to landscape study
rchaeoCulTour project aims at understanding the historical landscape of Vrsar municipality in Istria and assessing the potential of individual archaeological sites in
the development of the cultural tourism of this region. The integrated approach to
the research of this 40 km2 area implies a variety of employed techniques and methods.
Airborne laser scanning (lidar) was acquired for the whole research area and it has again
proved to be an invaluable data set for detection of archaeological features in areas covered with dense Mediterranean forest. Interpretation of lidar data was followed by extensive field reconnaissance of identified features and later targeted small-scale excavations.
The results are mapped in GIS which enabled the correlation of this newly gathered data
with historical cadastre and aerial imagery. This presentation will focus on the methodology applied and show results at the end of the first year of the project.
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Lujana Paraman1, Filomena Sirovica2 & Dinko Tresić Pavičić3
Trogir City Museum; 2Archaeological Museum in Zagreb; 3Kaducej d.o.o., Split, Croatia
1
Sutilija hill above Trogir: Value Loss Assessment of the Site Damaged by Contemporary
Stone Exploitation
utilija (St. Elijah’s) hill in Seget Gornji above Trogir is an important archaeological site
characterised by a complex set of traces of anthropogenic activities from all time periods and marked by Iron Age and Medieval standing structures, as well as quarries
that can be dated from Roman Period to Modern Times. As stone mining continues to this
day in three active quarries, it is continuously subjected to harmful impacts that resulted
in the vast devastation of the landscape, as well as the destruction of the archaeological
features (Paraman, Tresić Pavičić 2017).
This was the stimulus for the project focused on monitoring of the site with the objective
to document its present state and to collect the data about changes in the landscape.
Through comparison of the data collected by geodetic survey and high-resolution 3D photogrammetry of the entire hill and the available spatial data (aerial photographs, cadastral
maps etc.) a set of information was obtained that enables analysis of the changes caused
by anthropogenic activities in different time periods. Results of this type of analysis are
suitable for the valorisation of the site, as well as a value loss assessment through different
periods of contemporary stone exploitation. As the collected data enables chronological
separation of the harmful impacts, the authors will present a methodological approach to
the reconstruction of their effects and the possibilities that this type of analysis has for the
assessment of value loss on continuously endangered archaeological sites.
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Branko Mušič1,2, Igor Medarić1,2, Barbara Horn1,2, Petra Basar1, Hrvoje Potrebica3, Igor
Vukmanić4, Ina Miloglav3 & Rajna Šošić Klindžić3
1
Department of archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Gearh d.o.o.,
Maribor, Slovenia; 3Department of archaeology, University of Zagreb, Croatia; 4Archaeological
museum in Osijek, Croatia
Archaeological geophysics – an overview on experiences from surveys in Slavonia and
Baranja
n archaeological geophysics three basic geophysical methods (and their variants) prove
to be successful in delineating archaeological structures in various environmental conditions and therefore provide an opportunity for instrumental exploration of archaeological phenomena:
- Magnetic method (Magnetometry and Magnetic susceptibility measurements),
- Electromagnetic method (Low-frequency EM method and Ground penetrating radarGPR),
- Resistivity method (Resistivity mapping and Electrical resistivity tomography-ERT),
Magnetometry is by far most popular in archaeological prospecting, following by all other
– GPR, resistivity and low-frequency EM method. The suitability of individual geophysical
methods or combinations of several methods for solving a given problem depends on
the contrast of the physical properties of the targeted object with its surrounding media.
Since each method measures specific physical properties and also has its advantages and
limitations, the most suitable ones in given archaeological, geological, geomorphological
and geographical context have to be carefully chosen.
Among the archaeological factors, we consider the type of expected remains (stone-made
structures, remains associated with craftwork activities, burned layers, pits, ditches, necropolises with burial mounds and flat cremation graves etc.), size of the site (or area
under investigation) and depth of buried structures. Geological factors include the type of
rocks or sediments and their physical properties (i.e porosity, moisture content, hardness–
loosnes, structure, texture, chemical and magnetic properties etc.) in which archaeological remains are situated. Geographical factors represent latitude, longitude, altitude and
consequently climate and weather condition in the region.
Geomorphology is a product of geological and geographical factors, while surface morphology reflects all the factors mentioned above. All factors together form characteristic settings of certain landscape unit. Therefore, archaeogeophysical survey strategy is a
rather complex task, since all factors are interrelated and influenced one upon the other.
The main focus of the presentation is on evaluating results obtained from several surveys
on prehistoric and Roman sites in Slavonia and Baranja.
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Luka Gruškovnjak
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
Theoretical models of soil formation and soil geomorphology and their archaeological
implications
he archaeological record, which is encased within the soil, is intimately linked with
processes of soil formation and soil geomorphology. Thus, pedogenic and geomorphic processes represent a fundamental part of the archaeological record’s formation processes. Therefore, they must be considered in archaeological research and interpretations, which is especially crucial in the case of archaeological field investigations.
Because this is not always the case, this presentation will aim to briefly discuss some
basic theoretical models of pedogenesis and soil geomorphology and point out their most
important implications for archaeology. Firstly, the formation of soil horizons is crucial for
archaeological stratigraphy, because the law of superposition does not apply to them.
Failure to recognize them and document them as such in the field leads to an erroneous interpretation of the stratigraphic sequence. Secondly, together with soil horizonation the processes of pedoturbation are crucial for our understanding of the integrity and
preservation of archaeological contexts and their stratigraphy or lack thereof. Thirdly, understanding the role of topography or landscape positions in geomorphic and pedogenic
processes can help archaeologists to make some predictions concerning preservation and
integrity of archaeological record in the landscape and help them in the decision making
on field methodology and research strategies.
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Žarko Tankosić
Norwegian Institute at Athens/Indiana University, Athens, Greece
An Approach to Survey Methodology from the Aegean: Norwegian Archaeological Survey in the Karystia
present the research methods used during the Norwegian Archaeological Survey in the
Karystia (NASK). NASK took place between 2012 and 2016 and was organized by the
Norwegian Institute at Athens with the participation of an international group of students and researchers. The survey covered approximately 20 km2 of terrain in an area
called the Katsaronio plain in southern Euboea, Greece. We used intensive archaeological
surface survey methods trying to achieve several predetermined aims in an area that had
not been archaeologically explored before. In the process, we recorded 99 archaeological
sites (which we term “findspots”) of varying date and size. For this survey, we designed
our own methods, based on the modification of the classic so-called Mediterranean survey. We also introduced field recording based on Android tablets. Instead of following the
more common plots survey, we adopted an approach that recorded the actual location
of each artifact, irrespective of any artificial (and usually modern) land divisions. In this
paper, I discuss the NASK survey results as well as the advantages and shortcomings of this
methodology in comparison to other surveys in the same region and the wider Aegean.
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Rebecca M. Seifried1 & Helena Tomas2
Institute for Mediterranean Studies, Foundation for Research and Technology, Crete, Greece;
2
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Croatia
1
The Trials and Tribulations of Surveying the Cetina River Valley
his paper reports the results of experiments in field survey methodology and the
interpretation of collected data from the 2015-2018 seasons of the Cetina Valley
Survey. The Cetina River Valley in Dalmatia is the epicenter of the Early Bronze Age
Cetina Culture. Much of what archaeologists know about the culture comes from excavated tumuli and cave sites. To date, only a handful of open-air settlements have been identified. In 2015, Dr Helena Tomas launched the Cetina Valley Survey in order to investigate
the river valley and its connections with the Aegean world in the Bronze Age. One of the
project’s main goals was to conduct an intensive field survey along the course of the river
with the hopes of locating additional open-air settlements dated to the Early Bronze Age.
Initially, the project followed the standard methods of the intensive survey as often employed throughout the Mediterranean Basin: tracts were defined as groups of agricultural fields, and teams of 4–5 people walked each tract at 15-meter spacing, counting
all finds and collecting diagnostic material. After three seasons of fieldwork (2015, 2016,
and 2017), two methodological problems became apparent. First, the team had identified
only two open-air sites in a total walked area of 6.5 square kilometers- both later than the
Early Bronze Age - suggesting that alluviation might be masking earlier sites. Second, the
division of land into narrow strips cultivated on different schedules meant that 90-100%
of a ‘tract’ might be unplowed or lying fallow, making it impossible to see the soil surface.
In the 2018 season, the team attempted to mitigate these problems through a geomorphological study to trace changes in alluviation and the adoption of a survey methodology
that targeted plowed fields with near-100% visibility.
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Dubravko Gajski1 & Ana Solter2
1
Chair for Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Faculty of Geodesy University of Zagreb;
2
Archaeological Museum in Zagreb, Croatia
Spatial accuracy of a photogrammetrically reconstructed archaeological artefacts
he fully automatic photogrammetric reconstruction is one of the recent methods
used widely for 3D-digitalisation of archaeological artefacts. The fast and simple
data acquisition (taking photos by affordable cameras) as well as a straightforward
data processing to reach photo-textured 3D-models, make this technology the most appropriate one in 3D-digitalisation. Although the photo-textured 3D-models of archaeological artefacts are generally employed for the promotion of exhibitions and to propel
the audience to visit the museum they have even bigger potential to be utilized as an
important component of the qualified documentation of virtually reconstructed artefact.
In that case, the quality of 3D-model is of the highest importance. In this presentation, the
spatial accuracy of photogrammetrically reconstructed 3D-model will be analyzed and dis-
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cussed, focused on Structure-from-Motion (SfM) and Multi-View Stereo (MVS) methods.
The results of scanning and Photogrammetry of archaeological artefacts will be compared
and discussed, emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages of both methods.
Ivana Ožanić Roguljić, Kristina Turkalj & Kristina Jelinčić Vučković
Institute of Archaeology, Zagreb, Croatia
The database of antique (Greek and Roman) archaeological sites of the Republic of
Croatia
he project The database of antique archaeological sites of the Republic of Croatia
of the Institute of Archeology (BAZA) has been online since 24th May 2018 when it
was set on the website of the Institute (http://baza.iarh.hr/public/locality/map). As a
source of data, the available literature is used together with knowledge gathered from the
Institute’s scientific activities and data stored in the archives of the Institute of Archeology. The aim of the project is creating a database of Greek and Roman archaeological sites
as the foundation for science, culture, preservation of Croatian heritage, as well as the
presentation of cultural tourism. BAZA is based on archaeological sites in Croatia that are
either known from the literature or by field research, with the aim of creating tools that
provide easier access to the data needed for future scientific research, heritage management and the creation of professional and scientific projects that fundamentally represent
archaeological heritage. The database is enriched with information about archaeological
sites that are attractive enough to become a tourist destination. During the presentation
of BAZA, we will show its structure and administrative part and how it is used in public
search.
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Dushka Urem-Kotsou
Department of History and Ethnology, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
Pottery and cooking practices. An experimental approach to the study of use-alterations related to the processing of food
his paper presents the results of an experimental study on ceramic cooking vessels
and the use-alteration traces that different cooking techniques leave on internal vessels’ walls. Experimental vessels were used for boiling variety of food of plant and
animal origin, either separately or together, for baking bread and for parching cereals. In
addition, soot depositions on the vessels’ external walls produced by fuel were also monitored in order to approach the variability in temperatures the vessels were exposed and
thus the food was cooked. The experimental study aims at better understanding of cooking practices in prehistoric periods when ceramic vessels begun to be used for processing
of food.
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Andreja Kudelić1, Ina Miloglav2, Izabela Andrašić2, Dalibor Branković2, Petra Lacković2,
Valentina Lončarić2, Mia Marijan2, Franka Ovčarić2 & Gabrijela Perhaj2
1
Institute of archaeology, Zagreb; 2Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social
Sciences University of Zagreb, Croatia
Understanding the complex mechanisms of ceramic production in prehistory – experimental approach
ithin the program, Prehistoric Pottery: Interdisciplinarity and Experiment, a series
of archaeological experiments were carried out with the purpose of a more comprehensive understanding of the prehistoric pottery production mechanisms during the Copper and Bronze Age. The program contains an educational-research and popular
part and is intended primarily for students of archaeology with the aim of studying the pottery
through the prism of technological, functional and social aspects. Such complex mechanisms
should be considered from the perspective of different disciplines, namely geology, ethnology,
and archaeology, which form an integral part of the presented program. The focus of the educational-research part of the program is an artefact, which includes getting acquainted with
ceramic techno-functional characteristics. By replicating the assumed production processes
throughout the established segments of the chain operations, and using different variables
(different raw material, various types of temper material, different building and surface treatment techniques as well as used tools and various firing techniques), a reference collection is
established. One of the aims is to describe the methodological procedure, the documenting
principle, and how to properly set up an experiment in accordance with the scientific issues.
Preliminary results have indicated that a very complex set of data was collected. In a relation
to the set of research questions, the answers should be considered on the basis of detailed
data processing and repetition and modification of individual experiments. The process of
designing and conducting the experiment has also shown that the research questions, as
well as the dynamics of deliberate and controlled experiments, have become more and
more complex, ultimately leading to the archaeological interpretations that move within
technical, technological, and economic aspects.
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Milica Tapavički-Ilić & Jelena Anđelković Grašar
Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade, Serbia
Storytelling. Is there a better method of archaeological site interpretation?
iminacium is a well-known Roman site in eastern Serbia, positioned on the right
Danube bank. During Roman times, it was the capital of the Roman province Moesia Superior. Its wider area includes almost 450 hectares and it has been excavated
for more than a century. The latest excavation phase was initiated at the beginning of this
century. Several archaeological complexes were unearthed and also covered with protective constructions.
However, for a long time, the site was systematically destroyed. It was a victim of looting,
done by professional treasure-hunters who looked for gold and other precious items. On
the other hand, it was a victim of local farmers, who systematically destroyed architectural
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remains and tombstones, taking useful materials home and re-using them. Finally, on the
eastern end of the site, there is a strip mine that represented a permanent threat to the
site.
At this crucial point, an idea was born to establish an archaeological park, actually, an
open-air museum that would bring visitors to the site. It took several years and finally, in
2006, it was officially opened. Interpretations of archaeological finds and structures were
offered to the public. In order to make these easily understandable, a narrative based on
storytelling was designed. The authentic location surely offered a good basis that could
easily help the narrative develop and grow. Eventually, the always growing number of
visitors and their presence at the site lead to the always reducing number of looters and
treasure hunters. Soon enough, they stopped looting. And soon enough, it was possible
to evaluate the results of storytelling and visitors‘ impressions. Some of these impressions
shall be presented in this paper, but also a short movie (5 minutes) that addresses all of
the facts mentioned above.
Katarina Šprem1 & Ivor Karavanić2
1
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Landscape Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula; 2Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
University of Zagreb, Croatia
Results of a second lithic trampling experiment – some questions and a few answers
ollowing the interesting results of a trampling experiment done in 2016, a new trampling experiment was devised with a slightly altered methodology. The 2016 experiment consisted of 40 pieces of experimentally made lithic artifacts which were buried
15 cm deep on the heavily trodden path, trampled for 7 months, then carefully excavated,
washed, and analyzed using a system developed by P. Villa and M. Soressi. (Vila and Soressi
2000). This year’s experiment was done by trampling the artifacts placed on the surface in
a 30-minute duration. The methodology and results of the experiment will be presented
at this conference.
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Franka Ovčarić1 & Branka Tomić2
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb;
2
Department of Textile Chemistry and Ecology, Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb, Croatia
1
An experimental approach to reconstruction of wool dyeing in archaeology
extile in archaeology has long been seen as an unreliable source of data due to the
lack of methods that deal with the processing of such findings. Only during the last
decade, serious analyses have begun to take place and have been an indispensable
incentive for an interdisciplinary approach.
It was often possible to reconstruct the look of fabrics and decorative objects, while
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searching for colour traces in which the fibers have been dyed has rarely been done. Textile colours and dyes are very important indicators of communication and connections of
prehistoric communities.
Since the first traces of dyed textiles were found, the process itself had already been
developed yet the experimental stage of selection and development of the dyeing process was unknown. In that case, answers to a variety of questions can be offered by experimental archaeology. This paper will present an experiment that was conducted from
January to May 2018 through the cooperation of Department of Archaeology, Faculty of
Humanities and Social Sciences in Zagreb and Department of Textile Chemistry and Ecology, Faculty of Textile Technology in Zagreb. With the use of literature, experts advice and
ethnological sources, a wool dyeing process was carefully planned. It took several steps,
such as collecting and processing wool, selecting natural dyes based on the ethnological
sources, dyeing the wool and analyzing the samples obtained. This experiment represents
the starting point for all future studies of dyed textiles in archaeology An important aspect
of experimental archaeology lies in encouraging and nurturing of interdisciplinarity which
offers new methods that are not a standard part of the archaeological profession. In collaboration with other branches of natural and human sciences, information about the
past becomes more complete, and the interpretation itself more accurate.
Dora Šimić1 & Slavica Bošnjak2
1
Naumovac 25a, Zagreb; 2Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Croatia
The technology of processing hard animal materials from the Vučedol site
ystematic and rescue excavations of the Vučedol site were conducted by Department
of Archeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences from Zagreb in cooperation with Vukovar Municipal Museum since 1981. and Vučedol Culture Museum from
2012. Bone material that includes bones, teeth and horns comprises 1/3 of the overall
findings on the site. It mechanical, physical and chemical properties make it a good material for tool production and other various uses. Research of bone industry and technology
is becoming more important in the interpretation of archaeological context. Experiments
are a key factor in studying traces of processing and use, visible in various archaeological
artefacts, in this case, hard animal material. These facts prompted us to further study the
technology of their making and implementation of the experiment.
The experiment will present different techniques of bone material processing, that
is, dividing it into smaller segments (débitage). This will include using techniques like
breaking, direct and indirect percussion, cutting, sawing etc. Experimental traces will
be compared with the findings and samples from the past and recent excavations of
the Vučedol site. The goal is to determine the techniques and tools used by prehistoric
communities and to observe technological progress on the Vučedol site.
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Ki Suk Park1, Ralf Milke1, Erik Rybacki2 & Sabine Reinhold3
1
Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin; 2Deutsches GeoForschungs
Zentrum GFZ, Section 3.2, Potsdam; 3Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Berlin, Germany
Application of image analysis for the identification of ceramic pottery production technologies in the North Caucasus (Russia) in the Bronze Age and the Iron Age
he ceramic pottery production techniques were investigated by Matlab based 2D
and 3D image analysis. Shape parameters of coarse sand grains (>250µm) and shaping techniques of the ceramic body were compared to each other. 70 ceramic pottery sherds in this study were excavated at Ransyrt 1, an archaeological site from the Middle-Late Bronze Age in the North Caucasian mountains, Russia and Kabardinka 2, located
in the lower plateau in the same mountains (Late Bronze/ Early Iron Age) were compared
to those of the samples excavated at the Mius peninsular and its near environment in
Russia (Late/Final Bronze Age), in order to show chronological and regional changes of
production techniques.
For the image analysis, 2D images of the heterogeneous ceramic composite materials
were acquired by the polarized light microscopy and 3D images by the micro-computed
tomography (3D-µ-CT). The calculation was performed for the whole sample area, in order to get the representativity for each sample. Together with the mineralogical/chemical
composition of the sand grains within the ceramics, the shape parameters such as the
size distribution, circularity and sphericity reflect differences in the preparation of ceramic
pastes according to the sites. At the same time, these parameters show several groups
within the same site, indicating different recipes in this preparation step. From the alignment of processing pores and sand grains, it is possible to identify shaping techniques of
the ceramic body. The results from image analysis will be combined with the firing conditions for the ceramic pottery production reconstructed by scanning electron microscopy
coupled with energy/wavelength-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS/WDS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) from a parallel study,
in order to unravel various technological styles that reflect the ancient potter’s practical
choices.
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Andreja Kudelić1, Attila Kreiter2 & Dinko Tresić Pavičić3
1
Institute of Archaeology, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Hungarian National Museum, Budapest, Hungary; 3Kaducej Ltd., Split, Croatia
Reconstructing the chaîne opératoire of Middle Bronze Age Pannonian Encrusted
pottery: a case study of Jagodnjak-Krčevine (NE Croatia)
his presentation provides the first results of thin section petrographic analysis of
Middle Bronze Age Encrusted pottery from the site Jagodnjak-Krčevine, which represent part of a broader data collection deriving from the research project concerning
pottery technology during the Bronze Age in northern Croatia. The samples were selected
according to the different typological groups of ceramic vessels and they originate mainly
from graves. During sample selection, the different decoration styles characteristic of Pannonian Encrusted and Litzen/Kisapostag pottery were also considered. The main goal of this
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study is to determine the characteristics of raw materials and ceramic pastes used by the
potters as well as features of the firing methods. Another aim is to determine whether there
are some indications of certain ceramic technological practices related to individual graves.
An important objective of this research is to determine whether there are certain patterns in
the selection of added tempering materials and how specific technological choices may be
interpreted within the framework of economic and social aspects of society.
The results of the study show the utilisation of several different kinds of raw materials
tempered with grog and rocks. The preliminary results seem to suggest that the selection
of clay, as well as the added tempering material, are closely related to vessel forms, the
function of the vessels and the decorating techniques applied. We also discuss potters’
selection mechanisms of raw materials (potter’s perception of raw materials) aiming to
highlight the social nature of technological choices and consider that functional choices
cannot be separated from the social milieu in which the vessels were made.
Esmeralda Agolli
Department of Archaeology and Culture Heritage, Faculty of History and Philology, Tirana, Albania
Classification of Archaeological Ceramics: Insights from a Conceptual and Ideational Perspective
he classification of the archaeological data has been the subject of a controversial discussion concerning the theoretical and methodological perspectives. The nonlinear concepts of evolutionary theory has greatly influenced the conceptual understanding of the methodology of classification of archaeological data and especially that of
pottery. In this paper, through closer consideration of the production process and especially
the concepts involved with artifact formation, particularly I focus on the ceramics classification and typology attempting to highlight the process of production through four stages:
material selection, form, surface, and decoration. I argue that this understanding provides a
rational avenue not only for the exploration of the physical choices made in the production
system but also considers the conceptual choices embodied to the material. This approach
passed over the terms of culture, focusing rather on the ways artifact classification reflects
either common or individual choices of the artisans and how they fit to a general system of
social values. Indeed, this strategy facilitates extensively any further analysis to ceramic data.
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Sergios Menelaou
Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
Beyond networks and macro-scale analysis: unravelling local micro-histories of pottery
through an integrated methodology
he study of pottery has historically served as a testing ground for archaeological
theories, both due to its abundance in the archaeological record and its multifaceted use in the development of various methodological tools for the investigation
of issues of exchange and external influence, technological tradition, social organisation,
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economic trends and other cultural associations in past societies. Although the study of
pottery has largely extended the range of tools and techniques beyond traditional approaches that focus on stylistic, morphological and typological attributes aiming at constructing chronological sequences or reconstructing large-scale networks of interaction,
recent years in Aegean studies have witnessed an increasing concern towards the technological significance of pottery and its social context from a rather scientific-processual perspective. Despite the ever-growing amount of data and new projects in both the
prehistoric Aegean and Anatolia, these in many cases failed to characterise technological
practices or changes/continuities that go beyond vessel form and surface finish or even to
integrate archaeometric techniques in a meaningful way.
The project of Early Bronze Age Heraion on Samos Island, east Aegean (Greece) has successfully demonstrated that questions of production, consumption, and distribution of
pottery can be meaningfully approached and old assumptions should be challenged
through new studies of archaeological material. The almost complete absence of such
work at the eastern Aegean has impeded a better understanding of the islands often
thought of as intermediaries in the transmission of finished products, ideas, and people
towards west. This has been achieved through typological study, phasing, and contextual
analysis for the entire ceramic assemblages covering the third millennium BC, with the
integrated study of macroscopic analysis, thin section petrography and microstructural
analysis. This is supplemented by consideration of the local geology, ceramic resources
and ethnography. Following a chaîne opératoire approach, the stages of manufacture
have been reconstructed from a „bottom-up‟ perspective and a more detailed view of
local developments has been gained.
Rajna Šošić Klindžić
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Croatia
After archaeometry gives us 42, what do we do?
t is almost impossible to perform any archaeological research without using some
method from other disciplines. We rely on data provided by archaeometrical methods
to make our research more specific, more valid, more valuable.
Lithic raw material provenance is regarded as an important source of information about
technological and social practices of prehistoric communities as well as a possible indicator of their complexities. Therefore archaeologists try with help of geologists to pinpoint
the locations of the raw material extraction in hope to find answers about their habits and
mutual connections. But what happens when we succeed? When in vast areas of possibilities for obtaining simple and similar raw material we really find the one prehistoric
people preferred? We know now when, we know where, even how, but the main question
remains. Why? We, archaeologists, deploy more and more various scientific methods, but
our main goal remains the same. At that main goal is historical - knowledge about people
in the past. So, solid and scientific valid evidence provided by archaeometrical methods
are only the raw data, the beginning of archaeological interpretation. In this presentation
I will reflect on my own research, present conclusions I tried to drawn and methods I will
test to try to construct a valid archaeological explanation of irrational behaviour in the
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supply of everyday common necessities that archaeometrical analysis detected. In order
to investigate human behaviour in the past, we have to turn existing human behaviour
and research of social networks to try to understand the complexities of decision making.
Viktória Mozgai1, Bernadett Bajnóczi1, Ernst Pernicka2,3, Zoltán May4, István Fórizs1,
Zsolt Mráv5, Marianna Dági6, Mária Tóth1
1
Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth
Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; 2Curt-Engelhorn-Zentrum
Archäometrie gGmbH, Mannheim, Germany; 3Institut für Geowissenschaften, Ruprecht-KarlsUniversität Heidelberg, Germany; 4Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research
Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; 5Hungarian
National Museum, Budapest, Hungary; 6Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest, Hungary
Multi-analytical archaeometric investigation of late Roman silver objects from the
Pannonian provinces – implications on composition, raw material provenance
and technology
he Seuso Treasure, one of the most significant silver treasures of Late Roman Imperial Age, and the late Roman silver folding stand (quadripus) from Kőszárhegy (near
Polgárdi, Hungary), which has close connections to the Seuso Treasure, were analysed using (geo)chemical methods in order to determine their elemental composition,
provenance of raw material and production technology. Both are dated to the 4th century
AD. Handheld X-ray fluorescence analysis was first applied to analyse the objects nondestructively and systematically along a pre-designed grid at several points. In order to
determine the bulk chemical and lead isotopic composition of the objects and to verify
the handheld XRF results, very small metal samples taken from the different parts of the
objects were analysed by using LA-QICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS.
The analysed objects consist of rather pure silver (88–98 wt% Ag) intentionally alloyed
with copper. The copper content is different in the various parts of the composite objects.
Gold, lead and bismuth, the most important trace elements in the silver objects, also show
various concentrations among the artefacts suggesting the use of different raw materials.
Gold and lead contents of the objects (typically below 1 wt%) indicate that not reused
or remelted, but primary, cupelled silver was used for manufacturing the artefacts. The
different trace elemental composition (Bi, Au, Pb) of the different parts of the quadripus
indicates the use of different silver ingots. In addition, the same parts of the two original
feet are very similar regarding their trace element content, therefore series production is
supposed. Based on the lead isotopic composition, the raw material of the objects could
come from the Balkan area.
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Tomislav Brenko, Sibila Borojević Šoštarić & Stanko Ružičić
Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of ore for possible iron production
in Podravina region, NE Croatia
he main goal of this study was to determine mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of possible bog iron ore samples found during geological investigations in
the vicinity of Molve area. Based on numerous iron processing smelting workshops
found throughout Podravina region, and on similar case studies in various archaeological
sites in southern Hungary, it is believed that this type of ore was used for iron production
from late antiquity up to Middle Ages in NE part of Croatia. Samples were found on the
surface and several meters below the surface, with the largest sample weighing over 2
kilograms. In order to better understand bog iron ore and its formation mechanism, several laboratory methods have been performed. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was used
to determine the mineralogical composition of samples. Detail geochemical characterization of two samples was performed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy
(ICP-MS). Scanning electron microscopy with adjoining energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) was used in order to better understand the distribution of mineral phases
and geochemical components. The main mineralogical components of analyzed samples
were quartz, goethite, feldspars and amorphic matter. Samples showed variable concentrations of Fe2O3 (37.86–39.06 wt.%) and MnO (19.17–27.42 wt.%). SEM-EDS analysis
enabled characterization on the micromorphological scale, providing information on iron
and manganese elemental distribution and possible formation mechanisms. Two different
phases were detected, one being crystallized phase composed of iron and manganese
minerals and second, amorphous phase, showing slightly different chemical composition
with an elevated concentration of barium in the manganese phase. Based on mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, studied ore samples indicate the possibility of bog
iron ore formation in Podravina region and its use for iron smelting and production.
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Ivan Jerković1, Željana Bašić1, Ivana Kružić1 & Šimun Anđelinović2,3
1
University Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Split; 2Clinical Department for Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology, Clinical Hospital Center, Split; 3School of Medicine, Split,
Croatia
Application of posterior probabilities in osteometric sex estimation: a study on antique
and late antique Salona population
steometric sex estimation via linear discriminant analysis is one of the most common and the most reliable osteological approaches for sexing skeletal remains
applicable also on less preserved skeletons. However, as extrapelvic skeletal dimensions are population specific, discriminant functions need to be developed for each
population separately. One of the major drawbacks of this method is also a high degree of
overlapping values between male and female measurements that impact sex estimation
accuracy. As previous research pointed out to the application of posterior probabilities as
a solution, the aim of the present study was to test that approach on the archaeological
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population and compare accuracy rates of discriminant functions developed by traditional
and the novel approach.
The sample comprised 207 skeletons from Salona necropoles dated from 1st to 6th century. We estimated sex using pelvic measurements by DSP software and took 70 postcranial
measurements. We analyzed sexual dimorphism using ANOVA and selected 10% of measurements that exhibited the highest degree of sexual dimorphism. For those measurements, we developed univariate and multivariate discriminant functions and calculated
accuracy using traditional approach and posterior probability threshold set at 0,90.
The accuracy of traditionally developed discriminant functions ranged from 83 to 93%
while discriminant functions with posterior probability threshold reached accuracy rates
≥ 95% independent of variables that were used. Nevertheless, as the all skeletons could
not meet the demanded posterior probability level, the proportion of skeletons that could
not be sexed ranged from 15 to 60%.
The study confirmed that application of posterior probabilities produces the highest accuracy rate acceptable not only in archaeological context but also in forensic cases. That approach also creates a certain proportion of skeletons for which sex cannot be estimated,
which is why researchers, depending on research type must compromise between accuracy and proportion of sexed skeletons.
Ante Lozina1, Ivana Kružić1, Šimun Anđelinović1,2 & Željana Bašić1
1
University Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Split; 2Clinical Department for
Pathology, Legal Medicine and Cytology, Clinical Hospital Center Split, Croatia
Procedures regarding human osteological remains from excavation to presentation
– European experiences
uropean Union member states have a vast experience regarding the world of archaeology and bioarchaeology. In the last few decades, the well worth significance is given
to the human osteological remains, which transforms them from silent findings of
ancient times to active witnesses of the past. The data obtained by research on human
osteological remains ensures insight on diseases within certain social groups, as well as
the context of their genesis and spreading throughout the course of history, but also on
dietary habits of the population, level of economic development, certain traumas, occurrence of war, conflicts and violence inside the communities and migrations of larger
ethnic groups. Approach to bioarchaeological research in the EU member states, for now,
has no attribute of homogeneity and unification, although all the EU member states share
certain similarities in processes of excavation, preservation, presentation, transportation,
non-destructive and destructive procedures on human osteological material and in other
processes correlated with handling human skeletal remains.
Goal of this research is, by comparing experiences of different EU member states, to determine the actual level of codification of procedures that deal with human skeletal remains, through research of the legislative framework in EU member states, to explore in
which amount laws attribute to quality solutions regarding dealing with human osteological remains, and to provide guidelines for improving methods of researching human
remains on basis of positive examples in EU countries.
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The measure in which legal systems of certain countries give importance to osteological
material in relationship to other archaeological findings will be taken into consideration,
as well as the defining the differences between forensic and archaeological osteological
findings, necessity of presence of archaeologist during the excavation process, taking osteological material out of EU member state for further scientific research, and also other
issues of relevance for topic of researching human osteological material.
Goran Tomac
Trebevićka 28, Zagreb, Croatia
Mesolithic diet in the Žukovica cave (South Dalmatia, Croatia)
he presentation provides the results of the zooarchaeological analysis of macromammal remains from Mesolithic layers of the Žukovica cave on the island of Korčula. The
layers, which were dated to Mesolithic on the basis of complete lack of ceramic
products, were excavated in 2014 as part of the multi-year project aiming to research
the prehistoric sites on the island, while the author analysed the faunal remains for his
Master’s degree thesis. In addition to the most significant information on natural and cultural background, the research history of the site, excavation methods, description of the
material and its processing, the author shall present the acquired data on the identified
animal taxa, quantitative details and the results of the taphonomy analysis. By comparing
the results, the presentation will deal with the questions regarding animal carcass processing methods in the cave and its vicinity, whether its inhabitants hunted those species
for food or some other reason, how often and during which season they visited the cave,
whether it served as a residential or hunting camp, etc. By synthesizing the obtained data,
the author will try to partially reconstruct the image of the island’s Mesolithic inhabitants’
every-day life and compare the subsistence strategies of Mesolithic hunters from Žukovica
with those from the other contemporary sites along the eastern Adriatic coast.
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Andreja Sironić, Jadranka Barešić & Ines Krajcar Bronić
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
Bone dating at the Zagreb Radiocarbon laboratory, Croatia
one is a biogenic material composed of a soft organic (collagen) and a mineral (bioapatite) tissue. During an organism’s life span, 14C concentration in both bone tissues is equivalent to the atmospheric one. After the death of the organism, 14C concentration starts to decrease due to 14C radioactive decay, thus enabling carbon dating.
The bioapatite part of the bone is quite porous and susceptible to diagenesis, i.e., some
carbon from the bone carbonate can be dissolved, and the carbonate from the environment can precipitate. On the other hand, collagen is a very long and stabile organic molecule. For this reason, when bones are dated, usually the collagen is extracted and used as
a representative bone constituent. Collagen is usually well preserved in humid conditions,
while at arid regions, it can be completely degraded.
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In cremated bone, due to the very high temperature involved in cremation, all of the
collagen is lost, but also the bone bioapatite restructures to a denser composition and
prevents environmental carbonate to precipitate inside the bone structure. The carbon of
the carbonate left in the cremated bone originates from structural carbonate in bioapatite, from burned collagen and from wood used as fuel for burning. Only, in this case, the
apatite can be used as a reliable bone constituent for dating.
Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating technique enables dating of quite small
bone fragments. The 14C AMS was introduced in the Zagreb Radiocarbon laboratory almost 11 years ago. Here we will present some dates of apatite and collagen part of the
bones and procedures for their 14C AMS analyses. Also, how to decide when the bone is
well preserved, how to select the reliable part of non–cremated bone and how to recognize the reliable cremated bone will be discussed.
Ines Krajcar Bronić1, Andreja Sironić1, Damir Borković1 & Marno Milotić2
1
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb; 2Public Institution Brijuni National Park, Croatia
Can we determine the age of an old olive tree by the 14C dating method?
adiocarbon (14C) dating is a convenient and accurate method of absolute dating of
organic materials. By measuring the 14C remained in the organic material we can
determine the time elapsed since the death of the organism. Wood is a very reliable material for 14C dating and the calibration curves were obtained by precise dating of
tree rings up to 12,000 years old. However, olive trees represent a kind of tree that does
not save the oldest tree rings - the inner and oldest part of the trunk in olive trees usually
rots, making the radiocarbon analysis of material from the first years of the life of the tree
impossible.
The Old olive tree (Olea europaea L.) on the Veli Brijun Island, National Park Brijuni, Istria,
Croatia, was expected to be 1600 years old. The inside of the Old olive tree was hollow so that the central, older wood was missing. Five samples were taken from the inner
side of the trunk. All the results were obtained by AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry)
measurement technique that enables analysis of very small samples containing a few milligrams of carbon. The conventional radiocarbon age expressed in years Before Present
(BP) were calibrated by OxCal software using the IntCal13 calibration curve. The calibrated
ages and age spans are expressed as “cal AD”. Four samples resulted in conventional radiocarbon ages of up to 150 BP. After calibration, it was found that the wood was not older
than 300 years. This is in agreement with most other radiocarbon dates of internal wood
from living olive trees, rarely older than 300 years. The last sample clearly indicated a
younger branch dated to the period cal AD 1979 – 1981, showing thus the complexity of
the olive trunk structure.
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Laura Polonijo1, Sara Essert2, Andreja Kudelić3 & Snježana Karavanić3
1
Siget 15 e, Zagreb; 2Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of
Zagreb; 3Institute of Archaeology, Zagreb, Croatia
New evidence of nutritional habits during the Late Bronze Age: analysis of the carbonized plant remains from Kalnik-Igrišče
he paper presents the preliminary results of archaeobotanical analysis of carbonised
plant remains discovered inside the house dated to the Late Bronze Age. The samples have been collected at the archaeological site Kalnik-Igrišče during excavation
campaigns 2016 and 2017. The plant remains were discovered inside the well-preserved
remains of the house which was divided into three units. The spatial distribution of the
archaeological findings and their characteristics seem to indicate a different function of
each unit. The main objective of the research is to determine which types of carbonized
plant macrofossils are present in the object and to establish whether there is any regularity in their appearance in relation to the position inside the house and in relation to other
archaeological finds (eg. hearth area, area of deposited pottery remains, area of organic
residues). The aim is also to compare the new data set with the results of the already conducted archaeobotanical research done on the sample from the nearby object that dates
to the same archaeological period.
A total of 54 samples was analysed containing 7417 carbonized plant macrofossils. The
most numerous were the findings of barley, millet, wheat, faba bean and oak. The results
of the archaeobotanical analysis show that the inhabitants of Kalnik-Igrišče consumed cultivated plants (cereals and legumes) and collected various edible fruits from nature. The
comparison with the previous archaeobotanical researches of the same site shows that
the plant species and their frequencies are quite similar, however, some other species as
well as carbonized thermally processed food remains have been recorded also.
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Luna Pavlović
Division of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Archaeobotanical research of the prehistoric site Ripač in Bosnia and Herzegovina
he archaeological site of Ripač is the first discovered prehistoric pile-dwelling settlement in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in the village of Ripač which lies
on river Una in the southeastern part of the Bihać plain. The settlement extended
along the Una River between and on Velika and Mala otoka (river eyots) as well as on two
smaller islands. The prehistoric remains belong to the material culture of Illyrian tribe
Japodes. The settlement had been inhabited during the Iron age as well as the Antics and
the Middle Ages. The site was investigated several times but first investigations conducted
by Radimský, Fiala, and Ćurčić during the period from 1893 until 1897 were the most
extensive ones. Part of the material found at that time was analyzed and processed but a
large part of the unexamined material can be found in the National Museum in Sarajevo.
The unexamined plant material was brought from Sarajevo to Division of Botany of the
Faculty of Science in Zagreb. I analyzed that material and revised smaller part of material
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previously examined in the late 19th century. I used a dry sieving method as well as the
Grid-method for sub-sampling since the sample amount was large. The sample contained
mostly carbonized cereal grains which are preserved excellent so the determination of
species was really successful. The results showed that the most common cereal found was
Emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccon Schrank; grain, fragments of grain, spikelet fork), other
wheat species are less present. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), millet (Panicum miliaceum
L.), oat (Avena sativa L.) as well as legumes and different seeds of wild fruit and weeds
were also found. This kind of research provides insight into the life of prehistoric inhabitants, above all their diet, farming, and environmental impact.
Petar Gabrić1, Marko Banda2, Ivor Karavanić2 & Luka Bulian3
1
Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb; 2Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb; 3Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture,
University of Zagreb, Croatia
Lower and Middle Palaeolithic stone toolmaking and language: a preliminary experimental archaeological and psycholinguistic study
any authors suggest that there is a co-evolutionary relationship between Palaeolithic stone toolmaking and language. This assumption is, firstly, supported by
experimental studies showing positive effects of verbal compared to a non-verbal demonstration during stone toolmaking acquisition in present-day humans. Secondly,
it is backed by neurophysiological studies which demonstrate that both toolmaking and
language activate overlapping brain regions and that they exhibit similar hemodynamic
lateralization patterns in present-day humans. These studies have mainly been focused on
Oldowan flaking and Acheulean handaxe manufacture. Studies on the effects of the verbal
and non-verbal transmission modes currently suggest that both Oldowan and Acheulean
acquisition are facilitated by non-linguistic gestures rather than purely spoken language.
Furthermore, neuroimaging studies have found that the prefrontal cortex, an area typically associated with executive functioning, and the temporal cortex are activated more
during Acheulean compared to Oldowan tasks.
We recruited twelve Croatian-speaking subjects with no prior experience in knapping.
Subjects were taught the Oldowan chopper and Mousterian sidescraper manufacture in
a verbal teaching and non-verbal basic teaching condition. Tool quality was assessed by
measurements of various physical attributes and a subjective evaluation by two assessors on a 5-point scale. Subjects were also tested on a neuropsychological battery assessing visual attention, verbal working memory, visuospatial processing, planning, cognitive
flexibility, general executive functioning and lexical-semantic processing. We hypothesize
that there will be no significant differences between the verbal and non-verbal groups in
the chopper manufacture task and that the verbal group will perform significantly better compared to the non-verbal group in the sidescraper manufacture task. Additionally,
we hypothesize that chopper manufacture will be significantly positively correlated only
with the visual processing tasks, while sidescraper manufacture will also be significantly
positively correlated with the prefrontal functioning tasks. The obtained results will be
interpreted within the framework of current evolutionary and cognitive theories.
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Vidan Dimić
Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade, Serbia
In chase for traces - experimental researches of polished stone axes, adzes and chisels
and comparative traceological analyses
ntil the end of the 80s, the general knowledge about ground stone edge-cutting
tools in the Neolithic of Central Balkan was limited. In various publications, this
important category of archaeological material was most often presented in form
of cataloging, followed by descriptive and typological determinants, while the function of
this tool was completely ignored or it was attributed according to very subjective typology. All tools with the cutting edge were interpreted as different types of axes (battle axes,
wedge-axes, tongue and mould axes, miniature axes, etc.) while the adzes and chisels
were not recognized in the archaeological material. Such a practice, based on subjective
observations of the form without detailed analysis, led to errors in the general interpretation. This situation changed considerably, with the work by D. Antonović and by a radical
change in the methodology of exploring this category of stone tools. A different focus of
research and incorporation of functional-typological and petrological analyses led to the
creation of a significantly larger data pool. Also, new research questions emerged. One
of these, not completely solved problems at the global level, is the use-wear on these
tools, that is, traceological markers that clearly separate axes, adzes and chisels, as well as
markers that are formed on these tools individually in performing various tasks including
different factors. There are still no sufficient publications regarding the occurrence and
development of these specific damages. Therefore, the author’s doctoral dissertation will
focus on the exploration of the traces of the production and use of the mentioned tools
through the archaeological experiment. The aim of the research is to form a comprehensive reference database of traceological markers through experimental archaeology as a
supporting research method, through which, in the future, a comparison and functional
determination of original polished stone tools with a cutting edge would be made.
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Katarina Šprem1, Robert Matijašić1 & Rajna Šošić Klindžić2
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Landscape Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula; 2Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
University of Zagreb, Croatia
1
Stone as a resource in prehistory and antiquity
t can be argued that stone has been one of the most important kinds of raw material
during most of human existence. Even though the information about provenance or
source location of raw stone material found on archaeological sites can tell us a lot
about societies and economies of the time period in question, this type of research isn’t
often in the focus of archaeology. We propose to sample quarry sites, as well as other pri-
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mary and secondary deposits of different raw material in the Northern Adriatic that may
have been used in prehistory and antiquity of Istria to obtain a relevant reference base
for provenance studies. Istria is a geographically relatively enclosed region with geological surface deposits that allow for different raw stone material exploitation. Depending
on the stone raw material, different macroscopic and microscopic analyses will be used.
Selena Vitezović
Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade, Serbia
Reconstructing the chaîne opératoire of the prehistoric osseous artefacts
he bone industry was an important segment of prehistoric industries; osseous raw
materials were widely used for everyday tools, weapons and ornaments, along with
wood and stone. Reconstruction of the manufacturing procedures is important for
analyses of the organisation of production, technological know-how and in general the
importance of this craft for the given prehistoric community. Traces of manufacture are
often covered by use wear traces; however, they are sometimes partially preserved on
the finished objects. Combined analyses of manufacture debris, semi-finished items and
traces still visible on used objects can provide the reconstruction of the manufacturing
procedures. In this poster will be presented several examples of reconstructing the production sequence for some Neolithic artefacts, using macro- and microscopic observations and interpreted after the experimental results of different authors.
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Dragana Antonović, Selena Vitezović & Vidan Dimić
Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade, Serbia
Tracing the evidence of prehistoric copper mining in Serbia
ining of metallic raw materials and the knowledge of the ore processing technology represent one of the key turning points in human history, which changed dramatically not only the economy of the prehistoric societies but also worldviews
in general. Relatively frequent finds of malachite lumps and beads, discovered at several
Mesolithic and Early Neolithic sites across Serbia show that the prehistoric artisans were
already familiar with the technical traits of these raw materials.
Prehistoric metallurgy was invented in the Late Neolithic Vinča culture in Serbia, c. 5000
BC. The first exploitation of the carbonate copper ores (malachite, azurite) is confirmed
on the prehistoric mine of Rudna Glava near Majdanpek. The production of copper and
later bronze objects gradually increased through the Eneolithic and the Bronze Age. This
increase in the production of objects must have been followed by an increase in ore exploitation. However, it is still unknown which mines were active during the post-Vinča
metal ages.
In this poster will be presented the methodological framework for a multi-disciplinary approach to the search of the traces of prehistoric copper mining on the territory of Serbia
and some of the preliminary results.
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In order to reconstruct the system of the copper ore acquiring, a detailed survey of all so
far known copper sources on the territory of Serbia is needed. Beside ground-field survey,
the studies should include the use of the LIDAR technology. This method already provided
positive results in finding the traces of early mining activities in Bulgaria. The next step
is creating the comprehensive database which will enable correlating diverse analyses
of prehistoric copper and bronze objects from one side and samples obtained from the
mines from the other.
Antonela Barbir1, Nikola Vukosavljević2 & Dario Vujević3
1
Institute of Archaeology, Zagreb; 2Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social
Sciences, University of Zagreb; 3Department of Archaeology, University of Zadar, Croatia
Methodological approach to taphonomic analysis of archaeomalacological assemblages: case study of Vlakno cave
hells of marine and land mollusc exploited by prehistoric humans contain archives of
palaeoecological and palaeoclimatic data, as well as of human behaviour in coastal
settings. Here we present a method for studying archaeomalacological assemblages
from cave sites and describe an application of this method in the analysis of remains
recovered from systematic excavations at Vlakno cave (Dugi island, Croatia). The study
was based on marine gastropods, marine bivalves and terrestrial gastropods from late
Pleistocene and early Holocene layers. In that period, a significant paleogeographic and
palaeoecological changes occurred, mostly visible in the Adriatic area through flooding of
the north Adriatic lowland by increasing sea level. Taphonomic studies have an important
role in the identification of agents that modify shells and of processes that affect shell
midden formation. This study contributes to enhanced interpretations of human activities
and paleoenvironmental and paleoecological reconstructions of eastern Adriatic coast.
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Viktória Mozgai1, Boglárka A. Topa2, Tamás G. Weiszburg3, Zsolt Mráv4
& Bernadett Bajnóczi1
1
Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth
Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest; 2Department of Mineralogy and Petrology,
Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest; 3Department of Mineralogy, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest; 4Hungarian National Museum, Budapest, Hungary
Study of the niello inlays of a unique late Roman silver augur staff (lituus) from Brigetio, Pannonia (Hungary)
iello, a bluish black metal sulphide, which was widely used for decoration of metal objects in the Roman Empire. However, our knowledge concerning the exact
Roman-period niello technique, the appearance of binary silver-copper sulphide
niello decorated silver objects is very obscure. An extensively nielloed silver augur staff
(lituus), the only one known from the Roman Empire, was analysed non-destructively
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with SEM-EDS and micro-X-ray diffraction techniques. Five niello types were identified,
their chemical compositions range from silver sulphide (Ag2S, acanthite) to binary silvercopper sulphide of Ag:Cu ratio 1:1 (stromeyerite). The augur staff is the first object ever
analysed, which is decorated with such heterogeneous niello inlays. Mineralogical and archaeological arguments indicate that the niello heterogeneity is connected to the primary
production of the object rather than to any post-production repair. Texture-related mineral phase observations allow closer insight into Roman niello technology. The variable
copper content does not represent any technological innovation. The silversmith simply
used not only, silver but also differently debased silver, possibly scrap materials for producing niello. Both production (260–280s AD) and burial (early 4th century AD) periods of
the lituus are well-dated and the object was excavated from an undisturbed sarcophagus.
Therefore, our data imply that silver-copper sulphide niello reaching even the composition of stromeyerite was used by the Roman craftsmen two hundred years earlier than
previous studies indicated.
Jugoslav Pendić1, Jelena Jovanović1,2, Sofija Stefanović1,2 & Jelena Marković2
BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad; 2Laboratory for Bioarchaeology, Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Serbia
1
People of Lepenski Vir: first results of developing guidelines for digitalization of osteoarchaeological record
he success in adoption and overall enthusiasm of the archaeologist with the process of
3d scanning of artefacts and contexts has been on the rise in the past years. This could
be easily explained: the requirements for doing a quality 3D information capture plummeted with the appearance of the novel and general- public based approach to data acquisition. The IBM (Image Based Modelling) on it’s basic levels required only a camera and some
overcast sky or studio light, to have your site, your trench or a newly uncovered artifact, preserved as accurately scaled digital copy, for as long as the storage units would hold the data.
There is a flaw, however, present in the fact that this technology has been majorly promoted for use in documenting the very special, beautiful and exquisite of the archaeological
record – which is only a small portion of its extent in totality. The mundane and unattractive artefacts and remains of past populations remain untreated, as the process is biasing
against the ordinary. In this poster, we present preliminary results of the project “People
of Lepenski Vir: protocols for digitalization of bioarchaeological heritage”, supported by
the Serbian Ministry of Culture and Information, that targets the obfuscated material, the
unattractive, but still well known for its importance.
The project aims to create a digitalized archive of the important anthropological collection
from Đerdap gorge, dated to Mesolithic and Neolithic period, providing open access to
digitalized 3D models. With use of computed tomography and IBM, remains of individuals that were living during one of the most extraordinary periods of human history will be
made accessible to a wide audience, retaining metric data and possibility to be analyzed
online, while at the same time allowing for the real remains to stay out of exposure and
potential harm done during handling.
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Miroslav Vuković, Helena Tomas, Nikola Vukosavljević & Marcel Burić
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb,
Croatia
Image-based modelling approach to the documentation of Crvenkuša cave site
rchaeological excavations at the cave complex Crvenkuša – Tamnica – jama Suhi Rumin were conducted in the fall of 2018 as part of the HRZZ funded project „Where
East Meets West – the Cetina River Valley as an Ancient Pathway of Communication
(Cetina Valley Survey)“, led by prof. dr. sc. Helena Tomas. Although surface pottery was
identified as dating back to the early Neolithic impresso culture, subsequent excavation
has shown a mixture of archaeological material from various time periods, which points
to the secondary context of the finds.
The documentation process regarding cave sites follows an established practice where
the location of the trench is shown in both a topographical ground plan of the cave and a
cross-section for the visualization of elevations. The metric data needed for the generation
of these plans is usually collected using simple laser distance meters or tape measures,
with the level of detail determined by the surveyor, who takes measurements at a smaller
or a bigger interval. The resulting two-dimensional documentation is therefore to some
extent subjective, as the person recording the data determines the level of detail needed.
3D recording of cave sites provides a much more objective dataset for the reproduction
of plans but has until recently been limited to the use of terrestrial laser scanners which
by the nature of their design work very well in low light environments. On the other hand,
the use of image-based modelling is heavily dependable on the amount of light available
inside the caves. In our case study, a combination of natural light and minor artificial light
sources provided us with nearly ideal conditions to test out the utility of photogrammetric
3D models for the documentation of cave excavations. The results of our case study will be
presented in the context of past documentation methods and potential problems regarding documentation of cave sites using image-based modelling.
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Barbara Horn1,2, Branko Mušič1,2, Igor Medarić1,2, Dimitrij Mlekuž2,3
1
Gearh d.o.o., Maribor; 2Department for Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana;
3
Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Geophysical and archaeological research of Eneolithic pile dwelling settlement
Gornje Mostišče – emphasis on electrical resistivity tomography method
ased on lidar images analysis an area of 100 x 44 m with topographical relief up to
0.6 m above the terrace was discovered on the Iščica river modern floodplain, located at the SE part of Ljubljana Moor. Three test excavation trenches at the south
side of the area, named Gornje Mostišče, had unravelled mostly burnt cultural horizons
(dated ~5040 BP) with preserved wooden construction (plateau) underneath.
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Further non-destructive multi-method geophysical approach was applied in a wider area,
providing horizontal and vertical levels of distinct information significant for each method.
Results of geophysical research with magnetometry, ground penetrating radar and earth
resistance mapping have outlined the horizontal layout of the settlement area within its
immediate natural environment composed of mostly fine-grained quaternary sediments.
Inside the settlement also individual dwellings are discernable to a certain extent.
The emphasis of this work is put on the results of the electrical resistivity tomography
(hereafter ERT) method, which was applied in selected areas for further detailed investigation. Results of ERT method are of quantitative nature, providing not only lateral dimensions of archaeological and/or geological structures but also depths of buried horizons
with distinctable resistivity, i.e. stratigraphy of archaeological sites. Therefore a detailed
quantitative analysis of 2D and 3D ERT subsurface models is provided, which explains and
outlines archaeological and geological horizons. Integrated results of ERT method with
archaeological, lidar and other geophysical data have to lead to a better understanding
of the settlement dynamics and surrounding geoarchaeological and palaeoenvironmental
context.
Jasmina Štajdohar1, Žiga Kokalj1,2 & Ivan Šprajc2
1
Centre of Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies, SPACE-SI, Ljubljana; 2Research Centre
of Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Airborne laser scanning-based volumetric analysis of Maya settlement in the southeastern Campeche, Mexico
ince 1996 eleven field surveys have been conducted in the southeastern Campeche
in the central parts of the Yucatán peninsula – the area once occupied by the Maya.
Various archaeological sites were recorded during the archaeological reconnaissance,
including large centres with monumental architecture. Until recently, archaeological research of this area depended mainly on the field surveys and aerial photos. Airborne laser
scanning of the area was commissioned by the Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy
of Sciences and Arts in 2016. The derived elevation visualizations revealed extensive anthropogenic modifications hidden under the dense canopy of broad-leafed, semi-deciduous tropical forest. Various archaeological features were recognized. The most prevalent
are residential and non-residential buildings, pyramidal structures, ball courts, sacbeob,
plazas, quarries, terraces, stone walls, water canals, and aguadas. Through visual inspection of lidar-derived visualizations, we identified and polygonised buildings, platforms, and
aguadas and assessed their volumes. Our analysis focuses on the distribution of volume
across the area and the poster outlines preliminary results.
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Miroslav Vuković1, Ina Miloglav1 & Ivana Ožanić Roguljić2
1
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb;
2
Institute of Archaeology, Zagreb, Croatia
Methodological approach to a digital reconstruction of the Late Antiquity drywall
structures from Banjače site (South Dalmatia, Croatia)
he archaeological site Banjače, in the vicinity of Split in Croatia, was excavated by the
Department of Archaeology of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences during
rescue excavations conducted along the route of the Adriatic freeway. The results
of excavations and wider area field surveys revealed a rural settlement or an agricultural
complex dating back to the beginning of the 5th century. Two drywall structures were
excavated, containing numerous archaeological finds (ceramic, metal finds, bronze coins,
glass, loom weights etc.) Both structures were heavily deteriorated, and only low walls
were preserved. The whole site was also covered with tegulae suggesting that both objects had a roof. Based on their size and position, the presence of a fence and a cattle pen,
it can be concluded that both structures were used as working, and not living areas and
that the settlement was utilized for sheep herding, among other uses. This type of drywall
construction as an architectural model of housing is traditionally very recognizable in the
landscape on the eastern Adriatic coast.
For presentational purposes, we decided to create a digital reconstruction of the site as it
might have looked like in the beginning of the 5th century. The primary source of information were the results of the archaeological excavations, but since the structures were in a
bad state of preservation we also used ethnological publications dealing with the topic of
rural drywall structures on the eastern Adriatic coast. Since our conclusions regarding the
reconstruction came from multiple sources it was also necessary to outline the consistency criteria used in the process. Various stages of the 3D modelling process will be presented along with our workflow within the open source software Blender. The poster will
also present the sources and information we used in the 3D modelling process and outline
our methodological approach to the digital reconstruction of an archaeological site.
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Zagreb, 6 th ‒ 7 th December 2018
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NAVIGATION
ODSJEK ZA ARHEOLOGIJU FF
SVEUČILIŠTA U ZAGREBU
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAEOLOGY
FACULTY OF HUMANITIES AND
SOCIAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB
Ivana Lučića 3
www.ffzg.unizg.hr/arheo/
ARHEOLOŠKI MUZEJ U ZAGREBU
ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM
IN ZAGREB
Trg Nikole Šubića Zrinskog 19
www.amz.hr
KÔTA CAFÉ BAR
Medulićeva 20
www.kotabar.hr
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GROUND PLAN
The lectures will be held at the Conference hall on the 2nd floor of the Faculty Library
- on the right of the main entrance of the Faculty building.
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