An experimental and computational investigation of flow past cacti

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2016

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The Journal of experimental biology, 1999

Because they grow away from their substratum to compete for light, plants have to withstand hydrodynamic or aerodynamic drag. Both water and land plants reconfigure in response to this drag, and this is presumed to reduce the risk of mechanical failure. However, there is little unequivocal evidence of drag reduction in large trees as a result of reconfiguration. Land plants must also transport water internally to their tissues, and many have developed xylem tracheids and vessels that help speed up this process. Recent evidence that tree height is limited by water supply suggests that water transport efficiency must be a crucial element in tree design. However, the resistance of many parts of the xylem is still unknown. More focused work is urgently required to shed light on the evolution and ecology of plants in relation to the flow of fluids.

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Journal of Geophysical Research, 2008

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Journal of Nanomaterials, 2022

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Coastal Engineering

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Transactions of the ASABE, 2019

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Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2016

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2010

The focus of this study is on the ranges of flow submergence and vegetation density which well exceed the ranges already studied by other researchers. The penetration distance e δ of large-scale turbulence into vegetation canopies has been assessed using vertical distributions of the normal and shear turbulent stresses. Although the estimates of e δ by the suggested methods are interconnected, their values may differ reflecting different aspects of flow-vegetation interactions. The estimates based on the shear stresses ' ' u w are most closely correlated with those from the profiles of the variance of the longitudinal velocity ' ' u u and thus can be used when two-component velocity measurements are not possible. The experimental assessment of the influence of characteristic turbulence scales and energy on flow penetration parameters was made using dimensionless numbers characterizing the interplay between depth-scale, canopy-scale, and wake-scale turbulent eddies. T...

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Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2016

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