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The Preservation of Art and Culture in Times of War, 2022
After conquering large swathes of Syria and Iraq, the Islamic State (ISIS) undertook an aggressive iconoclastic campaign in which they damaged or destroyed several significant heritage sites. In response, the international community has launched several initiatives along three key axes: to protect heritage in times of conflict; to conduct education and awareness raising initiatives; and to reconstruct heritage sites damaged or destroyed by ISIS or in the broader conflict. This chapter critically reflects on these three sets of initiatives, drawing on fifty-three in-depth semi-structured interviews with Syrian and Iraqi men and women. Although the respondents were often supportive of these internationally backed heritage initiatives, they offered several criticisms and suggestions that could ultimately lead to greater success on the ground. The chapter concludes by noting that heritage initiatives in complex (post-)conflict environments such as Syria and Iraq, require ongoing, nuanced, and careful engagement with local populations to succeed. Failing to listen to and heed these opinions ultimately undermines the broader mission to foster stability and promote peace, and can fuel the propaganda machinery of Islamist groups.
The Oxford Handbook of Women Philosophers in the German Tradition, 2024
This chapter explores the contributions of nineteenth-century women to social and political thought. Focusing on the works of Germaine de Staël, Karoline von Günderrode, Bettina Brentano von Arnim, Hedwig Dohm, Clara Zetkin, and Rosa Luxemburg, it makes visible the important philosophical arc from early romanticism to late nineteenth-century socialism. The chapter concludes with a brief re ections on the legacy of these movements and how they contribute to the shaping of phenomenology and later twentieth-century thought. The contributions of women philosophers in the long nineteenth century-the period between German idealism and romanticism, on the one hand, and early phenomenology, on the other-span a range of topics and areas. In this period, women contribute to epistemology, aesthetics, ethics, philosophy of science, philosophy of nature, philosophy of anthropology, feminism, philosophy of the human, and other areas. Yet, if one were to try and o er a lens through which these contributions are connected-not an umbrella concept under which they can be subsumed, but a looser commitment around which constellations gather with variation in distance and overlap-it would be this: social and political philosophy. Women philosophers in this period had been raised (and raised themselves) to be intellectuals. Yet a position within academia-where campus architecture, book collections, and student communities mark a concrete commitment to the life of the mind-was denied them. They were excluded from the discourse
The Oxford Handbook of Illiberalism, 2024
This chapter discusses the role of economic factors in the rise of illiberal politics in today's world. Unlike similar studies on this topic, it expands the focus beyond the "usual suspects," such as populist, nativist, or far-right parties to also include the illiberal ideas, movements, and thought collectives in the conceptualization of illiberal actors driving this wave of democratic backsliding. Such an approach is arguably more instrumental in tracing how and when the ongoing backlash originated before illiberal parties and politicians had a chance to come to power. This chapter seeks to explore today's illiberal wave by analyzing the role of economic factors such as accumulated frustration with the e ects of neoliberalism, nancial crises, and globalization. It also analyzes the economic policies embraced by incumbent illiberal parties and leaders. While focusing primary attention on Europe, it also traces parallels across countries' trajectories in di erent regional contexts, including Asia and
2024
This article addresses the problematic authorship of The Constitutions of the Free-Masons (1723). Traditionally associated with James Anderson, using stylometry, we examine whether and, if so, where John T. Desaguliers, the prime mover of early English institutionalized Freemasonry, contributed to this publication. Our corpus includes writings by Anderson, Desaguliers, and two contemporary Freemasons used as distractors. The transcribed works contain texts from different genres and of varying lengths. In our methodology, we employ a wide range of robust, multivariate, unsupervised, and cross-validated supervised tests, verified through significance testing, which can hopefully contribute to the establishment of standards for historical authorship attribution. Our results suggest, in line with historical evidence, that the legendary history of the Constitutions was most likely primarily authored by Anderson. However, several of the Charges including the first one ‘Concerning God and religion’, one of the most disputed texts in the history of Freemasonry, are closer to the style of Desaguliers. The General Regulations concerning the organization of the lodges, hitherto attributed to George Payne, played a fundamental role in spreading Freemasonry worldwide. Our analyses show that the stylistic affinity of fifteen of the thirty-nine regulations has a pronounced closeness to Anderson’s style, five align more closely with Desaguliers’ style. The authorship of the rest remains inconclusive partly due to the insufficient length of texts by Payne. These novel findings are also supported by a close reading of the Constitutions and other contemporary primary sources.
The Oxford Handbook of Transitional Justice
This chapter provides an overview of using formal and quantitative models in the study of transitional justice. It focuses on lustration as a transitional justice mechanism that screens political elites for secret participation or collaboration with the ancien regime. We argue that formal models allow us to examine the consistency of theoretical mechanisms, while quantitative models o er the ability to test these mechanisms, and to warrant generalizations. The chapter also discusses the limitations associated with using either the formal or the quantitative approach alone, as well as the criticisms concerning the Empirical Implications of Theoretical Models (EITM) research program.
International Journal of Law and Information Technology, 2003
Industrial Engineering Letters, 2021
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2024
The struggle for cultural restoration, though noble from the outset, has clumsily become a substitute for an unrestricted return to one's roots. The fierce desire to restore African cultures inevitably led the pioneers to prioritize cultural valorization without discerning obsolete aspects and social antivalues. The aim here is to point out that the struggle for cultural restoration is not the best path to development, but rather to cultural restructuring. We must therefore avoid presenting African traditions and customary practices as the most effective weapons for African development, and instead dare to rationalize these practices. To carry out the work, the method of critical analysis and comparison of research and works was the path taken. This process made it possible to examine the theories developed by the proponents of the traditions and those of their critics, and finally to draw up a conclusion. The conclusion was that, in order to meet the challenges of the 21st century in Africa, technology should take precedence over culture, and material needs over spiritual or metaphysical ones, so that priority should be given to the technological and scientific aspects of culture. Moral and religious data are the aspects that diverge from one environment to another, from one era to another. On the other hand, the techniques for transforming nature and the ways in which homes are built are based on universal principles that every people has an obligation to appropriate by virtue of belonging to humanity.
EDUVERSI 1_Ricerca partecipativa e formazione sistemica_DEF, 2023
Geochimica Brasiliensis, 2018
in Hagmann, T., & Reyntjens, F. (Eds.). (2016). Aid and authoritarianism in Africa: development without democracy. Bloomsbury Publishing., 2016
5ο Διεθνές Συνέδριο Δημιουργικής Γραφής, 2022
Investigaciones Geográficas, 2016
Jurnal Informatika dan Multimedia/Jurnal kesehatan komunitas (Journal of community health), 2023
Neuropharmacology, 2020
American Journal of Contact Dermatitis, 1993
Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 2019