ART 220-01, Archaeological Methods, Fall 2003

2023

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2005

With the intention of integrating the archaeology of the Mediterranean's different regions, the annual SOMA conference was held in 2003 at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London. These thirty-two papers, which form the proceedings, are multi-disciplinary and consider evidence and sites from the Pleistocene through to Late Antiquity. Subjects range from the dispersal of hominids around the Mediterranean and ancient Near Eastern skull cults to Libyan funerary architecture and monkeys in Egyptian and Minoan art and culture. Other subjects include: the antiquities market; the south Italic fighting technique; north Syria in the 6th century AD; Roman fulling; religion in the southern Levant Chalcolithic; Hellenistic numismatics; burial customs in Argos; the Mycenaean Argolid; gender identities in Egypt; Punic altars; Samnium and the Roman world; archaeological museum space; monument conservation; ethnic identity in archaic Pompeii. All of the papers are in English. 170p, b/w illus (Archaeopress BAR S1391, 2005) 32 papers from the Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology held at the Institute of Archaeology, London in 2003. Contents: North Syria in the sixth century AD: coast and hinterland (N. Beaudry); Intra-regional variation in long distance trading relationships on the northern Levantine coast – the key to site survival? (C. Bell); The south Italic fighting technique (M. Burns); The Necropolis of Capestrano: New Excavations and Finds (M. Capodicassa); Corn-mummies come to light (M. Centrone); The Tomb S1 of Cyrene: from the Hellenistic phase to Christian re-use (L. Cherstich); Lilith across the ages (V. Danrey); Cycles of island colonisation in the prehistoric Mediterranean (H. Dawson); Adventures in Fields of Flowers: Research on contemporary saffron cultivation and its application to the Bronze Age Aegean (J. Day); Votive niches in funerary architecture in Cyrenaica (Lybia)(E. Di Valerio et al.); Ars Fullonia. Interpreting and contextualising Roman fulling (M. Flohr); GIS Study of the Rural Sanctuaries in Abruzzo: Preliminary Report (D. Fossataro et al.); How monkeys evolved in Egyptian and Minoan art and culture (C. Greenlaw); The central place of religion in Chalcolithic society of the southern Levant (E. Kaptijn); Archaeology's well kept secret: The managed antiquities market (M. Kersel); New images of the Erechtheion by European travellers (A. Lesk); Mani: A unique historic landscape in the periphery of Europe (K. Liwieratos); Numismatics, Hellenism, and the Enemies of Alexander Jannaeus (K. McAleese); The Hominid Dispersal into Mediterranean Europe during the Early to Middle Pleistocene: the Sabre-toothed cat connection (L. Marlow); Gendering figurines, engendering people in early Aegean prehistory (M. Mina); Naue II swords and the collapse of the Aegean Bronze Age (B. Malloy); Urban development and local identities: The case of Gerasa from the late Republican period to the mid-3rd century AD (R. Raja); Burial customs and social change in Argos from the Protogeometric to the Late Roman Period (1100 BC - 500 AD)(F. Ramondetti); Open endings at Osteria dell’Osa (Lazio). Exploring domestic aspects of funerary contexts in the Early Iron Age of Central Italy (E. van Rossenberg; A scale of identity in the Mycenaean Argolid (D. Sahlén); Expressions of ethnic and gender identities in Egypt during the Early 1st Millennium B.C.E. (H. Saleh); Altars and cult installations of Punic tradition in Western Sicily (F. Spagnoli); Sacred landscape and the construction of identity: Samnium and the Roman world (T. Stek); Investigating colonialism and post-colonialism in the archaeological museum space: The case of the Lebanon and France (L. Tahan); Ethnic identity in archaic Pompeii (E. Thiermann); Monument conservation in the Mediterranean: Issues and aspects of anastylosis (K. Vacharopoulou); The skull cult of the Ancient Near East. Problems and new approaches (A. Wossink).

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This course explores how archaeologists make sense of the world from artifacts of the past. Human practices and cultural processes resonate, live within the material traces that surround us in our everyday life. How do archaeologists re-imagine these traces as residues of real people in history rather than imaginary beings and ghosts? How do archaeologists place material objects and spaces in the context of human practices, cultural processes and long-term history? In short, we will read, think and write about archaeological ways of thinking about the world. Archaeology, as a modern discipline, investigates the past through the study of its material remains. This material record is documented and interpreted through various intellectual activities from fieldwork to publication. But archaeologists are usually torn between their work in the field (digging, surveying, drawing, travelling, taking notes) and in their academic environment (processing data, interpreting, publishing). Throughout the semester we will spend some thought on this divided life between the field and discourse, and explore some of the novel attempts have been made to bridge them. Archaeology frequently becomes entangled with our daily lives through its politicized engagement with the past and issues of identity. We will examine various theoretical approaches and historiographic models used in archaeology since its inception in the 19th century, while putting a particular emphasis on the recent developments in the theories and methodologies in archaeology in the last few decades. It is intended to provide a solid theoretical and historigraphic basis for the discipline of archaeology. The first few weeks of the course will be dedicated to discussing the central movements in the discipline such as culture-history, New Archaeology, and contextual archaeology, while the second half deals with more contemporary theoretical paradigms such as gender and sexuality, technology and agency, space, place and landscape, and issues of cultural heritage. Particular archaeological materials, sites, projects will be used in discussing the potentials and disadvantages of various approaches. Archaeological case studies will be drawn mostly from the ancient Western Asian and Mediterranean worlds.

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This two-volume book presents cutting-edge archaeological research, primarily as practiced in the Eastern Mediterranean region. These volumes’ key foci are inspired by the work of Thomas E. Levy. Volume 1 provides an in-depth look at new archaeological research in the southern Levant (primarily in modern Israel and Jordan) inspired by Levy’s commitment to understanding social, political, and economic processes in a long-term or “deep time” perspective. Volume 2 focuses on new research in several key areas of 21st century anthropological archaeology and archaeological science. Volume 1 is organized around two major themes: 1) the later prehistory of the southern Levant, or the Neolithic, Chalcolithic, and Bronze Age, and 2) new research in biblical archaeology, or the historical archaeology of the Iron Age. Each section contains a combination of new perspectives on key debates and studies introducing new research questions and directions. Volume 2 is organized around five major themes: 1) the archaeology of the Faynan copper ore district of southern Jordan, a key region for archaeometallurgical research in West Asia where Levy conducted field research for over a decade, 2) new research in archaeometallurgy beyond the Faynan region, 3) marine and maritime archaeology, focusing on issues of trade and environmental change, 4) cyber-archaeology, an important 21st century field Levy conceived as “the marriage of archaeology, engineering, computer science, and the natural sciences,” and 5) key issues in anthropological archaeological theory. In addition to presenting the reader with an up-to-date view of research in each of these areas, the volume also has chapters exploring the connections between these themes, e.g. the maritime trade of metals and cyber-/digital archaeological approaches to metallurgy. The work contains contributions from both up-and-coming early career researchers and key established figures in their fields. This book is an essential reference for archaeologists and scholars in related disciplines working in the southern Levant and the Eastern Mediterranean.

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Intech Publ., 2012

The contents of this book show the implementation of new methodologies applied to archaeological sites. Chapters have been grouped in four sections: New Approaches About Archaeological Theory and Methodology; The Use of Geophysics on Archaeological Fieldwork; New Applied Techniques - Improving Material Culture and Experimentation; and Sharing Knowledge - Some Proposals Concerning Heritage and Education. Many different research projects, many different scientists and authors from different countries, many different historical times and periods, but only one objective: working together to increase our knowledge of ancient populations through archaeological work. The proposal of this book is to diffuse new methods and techniques developed by scientists to be used in archaeological works. That is the reason why we have thought that a publication on line is the best way of using new technology for sharing knowledge everywhere. Discovering, sharing knowledge, asking questions about our remote past and origins, are in the basis of humanity, and also are in the basis of archaeology as a science.

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The New Issue of MAA (www.maajournal.com) August 2016 with papers on : GIS, IT, Archaeoastroomy, numismatics, settlement archaeology and more..... FREE DOWNLOAD, REAL OPEN ACCESS....... 1. EXAMINATION AND ANALYSES OF A WOODEN FACE A THE MUSEUM STORAGE AT THE FACULTY OF ARCHAEOLOGY, CAIRO UNIVERSITY Yassin Zidan, Nesrin N.M. El Hadidi*, Mourad F. Mohamed DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.47538 2. A STUDY ON CHALICES FROM BEYCESULTAN: THEIR FUNCTION, SOCIAL MEANING AND CULTURAL INTERACTIONS F. Dedeoğlu DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.47539 3. A POSSIBLE ATTESTATION OF THE NABATAEAN MINISTER SYLLAEUS IN A NEW ANCIENT NORTH ARABIAN (SAFAITIC) INSCRIPTION Nada Al-Rawabdeh and Sabri Abbadi DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.47540 4. IT-INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGIES TRANSFER TO HERITAGE SITES: THE CASE OF MADABA, JORDAN Monther M. Jamhawi, Zain A. Hajahjah DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.47541 5. GIS AND GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS IN SUPERFICIAL OPEN-AIR SITES: THE CASE OF RAÑA DE CAÑAMERO NEANDERTHAL SETTLEMENT (GUADIANA BASIN, SPAIN) Jesús Fernández Fernández, David Álvarez Alonso and Pablo Alonso González DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.47542 6. CRANIAL AND POST-CRANIAL TRAUMATIC INJURY PATTERNS IN VAN CASTLE MOUND MEDIEVAL POPULATION Ahmet Cem Erkman, Okşan Başoğlu, Gülüşan Özgün Başıbüyük, Pınar Gözlük Kırmızıoğlu, Ayhan Yiğit, Yarenkür Alkan Yalçın, Ferhat Kaya DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.47543 7. CONSIDERING THE RE-USE OF LATE BRONZE AGE BUILDINGS IN LIGHT OF CONTEXTUAL INFORMATION AND HUMAN REMAINS AT BEYCESULTAN Başak Boz DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.48531 8. NANOCOMPOSITES FOR THE PROTECTION OF GRANITIC OBELISKS AT TANIS, EGYPT Fatma M. Helmi, Yasser K. Hefni DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.48820 9. THE HANNIBAL ROUTE CONTROVERSY AND FUTURE HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION IN THE WESTERN ALPS W.C. Mahaney DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.53065 10. AUTHENTICATION AND CONSERVATION OF MARINE ARCHAEOLOGICAL COINS EXCAVATED FROM UNDERWATER OF THE RED SEA, SAUDI ARABIA Omar Abdel-Kareem, Awad Al-Zahrani, Aljouhara Al-Sadoun DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.53066 11. AN OVERVIEW OF THE ECONOMIC STATUS OF THE SAFAVID ERA ON THE BASIS OF SILVER COINS, CASE STUDY: SHAH ABBAS II AND SULTAN HUSSEIN Hassan Kohansal Vajargah DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.53068 12. ANALYTICAL STUDY AND CONSERVATION OF GILDED MUMMIFORM CARTONNAGE FROM THE GRECO-ROMAN PERIOD IN CAIRO MUSEUM Mona F. Ali, Ahmed M.El Sheikha, Alaa E. Ali DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.53070 13. NEW FINDINGS ON THE CHARACTERIZATION OF ROMAN BEDROCK MORTARS: INTERPRETING THE EVIDENCE FROM ROMAN PINO DEL ORO GOLD MINES (SPAIN) C. Vázquez-Calvo, R. Fort, D. Romero, A. Beltrán and F. J. Sánchez-Palencia DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.53072 14. ANALYSIS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL BONES FROM DIFFERENT SITES IN EGYPT BY A MULTIPLE TECHNIQUES (XRD – EDX – FTIR) Gomaa Abdel-Maksoud, Alaa El-Sayed DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.53073 15. IDENTIFICATION OF (PROBABLY POLISH) COCHINEAL AND OTHER DYES IN BYZANTINE TEXTILES OF THE 14TH CENTURY FROM MOUNT ATHOS Dimitrios Mantzouris, Ioannis Karapanagiotis, and Christos Karydis DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.53074 16. ASTRONOMY AND LANDSCAPE AT THE PREHISTORIC SETTLEMENT VILLAGGIO DEI FARAGLIONI, USTICA, SICILY Franco Foresta Martin, Giulio Magli DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.53075

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