Turkiy xalqlar: Versiyalar orasidagi farq

[[Fayl:Verbreitungsgebiet der Turkvölker.png|300px|thumb|xarita]]'''Turkiy ellar''' [[Turkiy tillar]]da soʻzlashuvchi, shimoliy va markaziy [[Yevroosiyoda]] yashovchi [[xalq]]lar guruhidir. Bu xalqlar u yoki bu darajada umumiylashgan madaniyat va anʼanalarga ega. Turkiy xalqlar tayinli bir [[irq]]qa tegishli emas, ularni bogʻlovchi unsur asosan etnogenezlarida joy olgan Turk urugʻlari va tillaridir.

== Mamlakatlar ==

| Dunyo Boʻyicha || 300+ million

| {{TUR}} || 70.000.000

| {{UZB}} || 37.100.000

| {{IRN}} || 20-30 million

| {{CHN}} || 15-30 million

| {{RUS}} || 15.000.000

| {{KAZ}} || 19 967 964

| {{AZE}} || 10,353,296

| {{TKM}} || 6.800.000

| {{EU}} || 7.000.000

| {{KGZ}} || 6.975.000

| {{AFG}} || 5.500.000

| {{IRQ}} || 3.000.000

| {{TJK}} || 1.500.000

| {{USA}} || 1.000.000+

| {{UKR}} || 400.000

| {{bayroq|Moldova}} || 200.000

| {{MNG}} || 150.000

| {{AUS}} || 100.000

| '''Turkiylar Dini''' || Asosan [[Islom]], qolganlar [[Tangrichilik]], [[Xristian dini|xristian]], [[Buddizm|buddist]], [[Shomonlik]], [[lamaizm]] va boshqa dinlarga eʼtiqod qiluvchilardir.

'''Turk, turkiylar''' — jahondagi turkiy tillardada soʻzlashuvchi xalqlarga nisbatan ishlatiladigan nom. Turk soʻzi baquvvat, barkamol, odillik kabi maʼnolarni anglatadi, degan fikrlar mavjud. Qadimgi turklar genetik va fenotipik jihatdan Sharqiy osiyoliklar va sibirliklar bilan chambarchas bog'liq edi. Turkiy xalqlar mo'g'ullar va koreyslar bilan alohida yaqin munosabatda bo'lishi mumkin.<ref>Damgaard, P. B.; et al. (9-may 2018-yil). "137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes". Nature. Nature Research. 557 (7705): 369–373. Bibcode:2018Natur.557..369D. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0094-2. PMID 29743675. S2CID 13670282.</ref><ref>Uchiyama, Junzo; Gillam, J. Christopher; Savelyev, Alexander; Ning, Chao (2020). "Populations dynamics in Northern Eurasian forests: a long-term perspective from Northeast Asia". Evolutionary Human Sciences. 2. doi:10.1017/ehs.2020.11. hdl:21.11116/0000-0007-7733-A. ISSN 2513-843X. S2CID 219470000.</ref><ref name="AmitaiBiran2005">{{Kitob manbasi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s9EmAQAAMAAJ&q=One+of+the+issues+that+most+occupied+the+travelers+was+the+physiognomy+of+the+Turks.+Both+mentally+and+physically,+Turks+appeared+to+the+Arab+authors+as+very+different+from+themselves|title=Mongols, Turks, and Others: Eurasian Nomads and the Sedentary World|author1=Reuven Amitai|author2=Michal Biran|publisher=Brill|year=2005|isbn=978-90-04-14096-7|pages=222–223}}: "One of the issues that most occupied the travelers was the physiognomy of the Turks.120 Both mentally and physically, Turks appeared to the Arab authors as very different from themselves.121 The shape of these “broad faced people with small eyes” and their physique impressed the travelers crossing the Eurasian lands." "According to this explanation: Because of the Turks’ distance from the course of the sun and from the sun’s rising and descending, the snow in their lands is abundant and coldness and humidity dominate it. This caused the bodies of this land’s inhabitants to become mellow and their epidermis thick.124 Their sleek hair is spare and its colour is pale with an inclination to red. Due to the cold weather of their surroundings, coldness dominates their temper. In effect, the cold climate breeds abundant flesh. The arctic temperature compresses the heat and makes it visible. This gives them their pink skin. It is noticeable among the people who have bulky bodies and pale colour. Whilst a chilly wind hits them, their faces, lips, fingers and legs became red. This is because while they were warm their blood expanded, and then the cold temperature caused it to amass."</ref><ref name = "Lee & Kuang 2017">Lee & Kuang (2017) "A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Historical Sources and Y-DNA Studies with Regard to the Early and Medieval Turkic Peoples", Inner Asia 19. p. 207-208 of 197-239</ref><ref name="Wink2002">{{Kitob manbasi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uQ7k2vQlYxEC&pg=PA69|title=Al-Hind: The Slavic Kings and the Islamic conquest, 11th–13th centuries|author=André Wink|publisher=BRILL|year=2002|isbn=978-0-391-04174-5|pages=69–}}</ref><ref name="Babayar2013">{{jurnal manbasi|last= Babayar|first=Gaybulla|title= The Imperial Titles on the Coins of the Western Turkic Qaghanate|journal= History of Central Asia in Modern Medieval Studies|page= 331|year= 2013|location= Tashkent|publisher= Yangi Nashr|url= https://www.academia.edu/8860030}}</ref>[[Fayl:Turkic origin and expansion.png|thumb|Genetik, arxeologik va lingvistik dalillar ilk turkiy xalqlarni shimoli-Sharqiy Osiyo Tarik-agriculturalists bilan bog'laydi, keyinchalik ko'chmanchi turmush tarzini qabul qilgan va Sharqiy Mo'g'ulistondan g'arbga tomon kengaygan.<ref>{{jurnal manbasi|last1=Uchiyama|first1=Junzo|last2=Gillam|first2=J. Christopher|last3=Savelyev|first3=Alexander|last4=Ning|first4=Chao|date=2020|title=Populations dynamics in Northern Eurasian forests: a long-term perspective from Northeast Asia|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/populations-dynamics-in-northern-eurasian-forests-a-longterm-perspective-from-northeast-asia/1FF8B5513D3D2598BD8D7C13FA7B0FA6|journal=Evolutionary Human Sciences|language=en|volume=2|doi=10.1017/ehs.2020.11|issn=2513-843X|hdl=21.11116/0000-0007-7733-A|s2cid=219470000|hdl-access=free}}</ref>]]

Mil. av 2-asrdan — mil. 3-asrgacha boʻlgan davrda turklar [[Hun xoqonligi]] tarkibida boʻlgani sababli Xitoy manbalarida shyunnu, [[hunnu]] deb ham atalgan. Mazkur [[xoqonlik]] yemirilgandan keyingi 300 yilga yaqin davr davomida xitoylar turklarni tiyekle ([[xitoy tili|zamonaviy til]]da tele) deb atashgan.

6-asrda turklarda boʻlgan [[Ashina]] avlodi kuchayib, [[Turk xoqonligi]] barpo etgan. Xitoy manbalariga koʻra, 9-asrda tilga olinadigan turk qabilalari 58 ta nom bilan ajratilgan. Shulardan 22 tasi [[Uygʻurlar|uygʻur]] (ittifoqchilar) deb nomlangan. [[Uygʻur xoqonligi]] tugatilganidan soʻng bularning katta bir qismi [[Turkiston]] hududida joylashgan (qarang [[Turk]]). [[Turkiya]] olimlari asarlarida turk qabilasi [[koʻkturk]] deb xam ataladi. Tadqiqotlarga koʻra, koʻkturk soʻzi [[tangri]]ga, yaʼni [[osmon]]ga ishongan turklar, balandlik turklari, koʻk boʻri totemi boʻlgan turklar kabi maʼnolarni anglatgan. [[Markaziy Osiyo]]da turk [[toponim]], [[etnonim]], [[gidronim]] sifatida koʻplab uchraydi.

Turkiy aholi soni taxminan 200-250 million nafarga yetgan.<ref>{{Citation |year= |title=arxiv nusxasi |url=http://www.sonsoftheconquerors.com/16501.html?*session*id*key*=*session*id*val* |access-date=2007-09-25 |archivedate=2018-12-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208115739/http://www.sonsoftheconquerors.com/16501.html?*session*id*key*=*session*id*val }}</ref> Shulardan 70 millioni [[Turkiya]] turklaridir. Hozirda oltita mustaqil turkiy davlat mavjud:

== Yana qarang ==

* [[Turkiy davlatlar tashkiloti]]

* [http://gokturkanitlari.appspot.com/ Orhun Yazmaları] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411140854/http://gokturkanitlari.appspot.com/ |date=2012-04-11 }}

* [http://gokturkanitlari.appspot.com/gae-wiki-static/orhun_bilge_tonyukuk_tasi.jpg Orhun Bilge Tonyukuk Tashı]{{Deadlink|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

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