The ancient cities of hot arid climates, founded and grew linked to pedestrian mobility, followed... more The ancient cities of hot arid climates, founded and grew linked to pedestrian mobility, followed a preferably compact growth pattern until the beginning of the 20th century. The resulting urban form impacted urban environmental conditions as the configuration of the buildings avoided part of the solar radiation and prevented the arrival of the desert wind. The appearance of the automobile and its generalized use was favored; from the middle of the 20th century, urban growth models followed dispersed patterns. The city was structured based on the layout of spacious avenues and separate buildings, thanks to the possibility of covering large distances for the daily functional development of the population. The city tended to spread, and solar protection from buildings to others and the urban space was lost. The interiors need air conditioning to maintain acceptable thermal conditions, and the public space becomes little habitable in this type of design, and the need for private transp...
Each country has its own history and its own heritage. Saudi Arabia has many cities. One of the i... more Each country has its own history and its own heritage. Saudi Arabia has many cities. One of the important cities is Jeddah, which is the main port of KSA. Jeddah has a very famous and unique architectural heritage. It has been there for 2500 years. Jeddah now is developed as a city and modernised. The old area has been neglected from the people who used to live in. It became an area for poor people and not taking care of it as an important area part of this important city. This project is focussing on the old Jeddah part (Albalad). For that considering it as a problem that has to be solved and studied. So studying the history of Albalad, the urban pattern and the architectural buildings was a must. Therefore the aim is to choose an area in Albalad, renovate the old buildings and reuse them for different activities that people can visit and not forgetting their history. Also, this project make that developed area a focal point for Jeddah citizen.
Each country has its own history and its own heritage. Saudi Arabia has many cities. One of the i... more Each country has its own history and its own heritage. Saudi Arabia has many cities. One of the important cities is Jeddah, which is the main port of KSA. Jeddah has a very famous and unique architectural heritage. It has been there for 2500 years. Jeddah now is developed as a city and modernised. The old area has been neglected from the people who used to live in. It became an area for poor people and not taking care of it as an important area part of this important city. This project is focussing on the old Jeddah part (Albalad). For that considering it as a problem that has to be solved and studied. So studying the history of Albalad, the urban pattern and the architectural buildings was a must. Therefore the aim is to choose an area in Albalad, renovate the old buildings and reuse them for different activities that people can visit and not forgetting their history. Also, this project make that developed area a focal point for Jeddah citizen.
Many urban studies have evaluated the impact of urban morphology on the microclimate of cities, a... more Many urban studies have evaluated the impact of urban morphology on the microclimate of cities, and it has been shown that the influence is substantial. One of the significant impacts on outdoor thermal comfort in hot climate cities depends on solar radiation. The city of Jeddah is expected to start constructing a subway in 2020 that is likely to drastically change the behaviors of its inhabitants. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between modern and contemporary morphology and the potential of incident solar radiation to enhance pedestrian comfort by avoiding transit under this harsh solar radiation. The authors have evaluated the performance of two urban layouts, with different building densities to investigate the extent to which morphological features of the built environment can affect solar penetration on the streets. Moreover, the study assessed the influence of various built parameters such as street geometry (H/W ratio, streets orientations) and the...
Many urban studies have been done to demonstrate that urban sprawl is not the right approach in h... more Many urban studies have been done to demonstrate that urban sprawl is not the right approach in hot climate cities. On the contrary, a compact design is recommended to enhance human thermal comfort. This research aims to clarify the relation between urban morphology and outdoor thermal comfort of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The aim is to develop an outstanding future strategic compact morphology that would facilitate a dynamic development of the city. Jeddah city will soon have a subway that is expected to radically change the habits of its inhabitants. Our idea is to consider the main stations of the future metro as nodes, creating more densely inhabited localities and also defining transitional spaces for pedestrian activities. Microclimates generated in and around these activity nodes must be particularly studied to encourage residents and visitors to reclaim a pedestrian life that was clearly noticeable in the old city, but has virtually disappeared in most recent neighborhoods, entir...
This work deals with the particulars of urban design in hot climate cities, where direct solar ra... more This work deals with the particulars of urban design in hot climate cities, where direct solar radiation leads to high temperature. This paper considers old part of Jeddah city as a compact neighborhood case study. We address the correlation between Sky View Factor (SVF) and direct solar radiation by orientation, value and time interval in the old Jeddah area, with the aim of adjusting future morphology in order to enhance outdoor thermal conditions. Results show that the sky view factor (SVF) could be an indicator of solar access in an urban morphology. The objective of this study is to identify and discuss the relationship between canyon geometry (size, orientation) and SVF to see how it impacts solar radiation within the urban street.
Nowadays, the cities in which we are living are complex, energy-consuming, and polluting systems.... more Nowadays, the cities in which we are living are complex, energy-consuming, and polluting systems. Radical changes since the last century have happened as a result of the automobile introduction and the oil boom. Moreover, one of the essential factors that influence microclimate is urban morphology. Streets, as they are a substantial part of urban open space, play a significant role in creating the urban microclimate. Street geometry and orientation affect the amount of solar radiation received by street surfaces. Outdoor thermal comfort in hot desert-climate cities depends on solar radiation. Under low latitude conditions, the minimization of solar radiation within the urban environment may often be a desirable principle in urban design, and the urban fabric of old compact Islamic cities reflects that. Jeddah is a city located in the western part of Saudi Arabia, at latitude 21° 32' north. The city is expected to start constructing a subway in 2020. Therefore, that is likely to ...
The ancient cities of hot arid climates, founded and grew linked to pedestrian mobility, followed... more The ancient cities of hot arid climates, founded and grew linked to pedestrian mobility, followed a preferably compact growth pattern until the beginning of the 20th century. The resulting urban form impacted urban environmental conditions as the configuration of the buildings avoided part of the solar radiation and prevented the arrival of the desert wind. The appearance of the automobile and its generalized use was favored; from the middle of the 20th century, urban growth models followed dispersed patterns. The city was structured based on the layout of spacious avenues and separate buildings, thanks to the possibility of covering large distances for the daily functional development of the population. The city tended to spread, and solar protection from buildings to others and the urban space was lost. The interiors need air conditioning to maintain acceptable thermal conditions, and the public space becomes little habitable in this type of design, and the need for private transp...
Each country has its own history and its own heritage. Saudi Arabia has many cities. One of the i... more Each country has its own history and its own heritage. Saudi Arabia has many cities. One of the important cities is Jeddah, which is the main port of KSA. Jeddah has a very famous and unique architectural heritage. It has been there for 2500 years. Jeddah now is developed as a city and modernised. The old area has been neglected from the people who used to live in. It became an area for poor people and not taking care of it as an important area part of this important city. This project is focussing on the old Jeddah part (Albalad). For that considering it as a problem that has to be solved and studied. So studying the history of Albalad, the urban pattern and the architectural buildings was a must. Therefore the aim is to choose an area in Albalad, renovate the old buildings and reuse them for different activities that people can visit and not forgetting their history. Also, this project make that developed area a focal point for Jeddah citizen.
Each country has its own history and its own heritage. Saudi Arabia has many cities. One of the i... more Each country has its own history and its own heritage. Saudi Arabia has many cities. One of the important cities is Jeddah, which is the main port of KSA. Jeddah has a very famous and unique architectural heritage. It has been there for 2500 years. Jeddah now is developed as a city and modernised. The old area has been neglected from the people who used to live in. It became an area for poor people and not taking care of it as an important area part of this important city. This project is focussing on the old Jeddah part (Albalad). For that considering it as a problem that has to be solved and studied. So studying the history of Albalad, the urban pattern and the architectural buildings was a must. Therefore the aim is to choose an area in Albalad, renovate the old buildings and reuse them for different activities that people can visit and not forgetting their history. Also, this project make that developed area a focal point for Jeddah citizen.
Many urban studies have evaluated the impact of urban morphology on the microclimate of cities, a... more Many urban studies have evaluated the impact of urban morphology on the microclimate of cities, and it has been shown that the influence is substantial. One of the significant impacts on outdoor thermal comfort in hot climate cities depends on solar radiation. The city of Jeddah is expected to start constructing a subway in 2020 that is likely to drastically change the behaviors of its inhabitants. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between modern and contemporary morphology and the potential of incident solar radiation to enhance pedestrian comfort by avoiding transit under this harsh solar radiation. The authors have evaluated the performance of two urban layouts, with different building densities to investigate the extent to which morphological features of the built environment can affect solar penetration on the streets. Moreover, the study assessed the influence of various built parameters such as street geometry (H/W ratio, streets orientations) and the...
Many urban studies have been done to demonstrate that urban sprawl is not the right approach in h... more Many urban studies have been done to demonstrate that urban sprawl is not the right approach in hot climate cities. On the contrary, a compact design is recommended to enhance human thermal comfort. This research aims to clarify the relation between urban morphology and outdoor thermal comfort of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The aim is to develop an outstanding future strategic compact morphology that would facilitate a dynamic development of the city. Jeddah city will soon have a subway that is expected to radically change the habits of its inhabitants. Our idea is to consider the main stations of the future metro as nodes, creating more densely inhabited localities and also defining transitional spaces for pedestrian activities. Microclimates generated in and around these activity nodes must be particularly studied to encourage residents and visitors to reclaim a pedestrian life that was clearly noticeable in the old city, but has virtually disappeared in most recent neighborhoods, entir...
This work deals with the particulars of urban design in hot climate cities, where direct solar ra... more This work deals with the particulars of urban design in hot climate cities, where direct solar radiation leads to high temperature. This paper considers old part of Jeddah city as a compact neighborhood case study. We address the correlation between Sky View Factor (SVF) and direct solar radiation by orientation, value and time interval in the old Jeddah area, with the aim of adjusting future morphology in order to enhance outdoor thermal conditions. Results show that the sky view factor (SVF) could be an indicator of solar access in an urban morphology. The objective of this study is to identify and discuss the relationship between canyon geometry (size, orientation) and SVF to see how it impacts solar radiation within the urban street.
Nowadays, the cities in which we are living are complex, energy-consuming, and polluting systems.... more Nowadays, the cities in which we are living are complex, energy-consuming, and polluting systems. Radical changes since the last century have happened as a result of the automobile introduction and the oil boom. Moreover, one of the essential factors that influence microclimate is urban morphology. Streets, as they are a substantial part of urban open space, play a significant role in creating the urban microclimate. Street geometry and orientation affect the amount of solar radiation received by street surfaces. Outdoor thermal comfort in hot desert-climate cities depends on solar radiation. Under low latitude conditions, the minimization of solar radiation within the urban environment may often be a desirable principle in urban design, and the urban fabric of old compact Islamic cities reflects that. Jeddah is a city located in the western part of Saudi Arabia, at latitude 21° 32' north. The city is expected to start constructing a subway in 2020. Therefore, that is likely to ...
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