Considering the exponential growth of technology and media in Iranian society as well as the sign... more Considering the exponential growth of technology and media in Iranian society as well as the significant role of media culture in reproducing, reinforcing, and legitimizing dominant ideologies such as sexism, the central question posed by this paper is how Iranian feminist activists critically analyze media messages. Further, this paper explores the extent to which this analysis fits the critical media literacy framework. Using a critical media literacy framework underpinned by feminist standpoint theory, this paper presents results from qualitative interviews with 15 Iranian feminist activists. We find that Iranian feminist activists focus more on politics of representation and critique of gender ideology in the critical analysis of media products. Thus, critical analysis of media by Iranian feminist activists better fits the definition of critical media literacy than its core concepts. The findings also demonstrate that a transformative dimension of critical media literacy is igno...
Institute for Social Science Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 2013
Malaysia is a country of diverse races, religions, and customs where it is known as a society whi... more Malaysia is a country of diverse races, religions, and customs where it is known as a society which concerned about moral values towards achieving unity of the nation. Younger generation are the nation assets and they should be inculcated with noble values in order to form a civilized society with ethics and moral values. Therefore, this study aims to identify the level of knowledge among multi-ethnic youth toward the inculcation of moral values. The research design for this study is quantitative research and survey method was employed by distributing questionnaires. The study was conducted in four districts (Gombak, Ulu Langat, Petaling and Klang) in Selangor. A total number of 400 youth were selected randomly for this study. Each district comprised 100 youth from different ethnic including Malay, Chinese and Indian and age category among respondent is from 15 to 25 years. Findings of this study shows that the respondents have a high level of knowledge of the noble values which was instilled in Malaysian society. Thus, these noble values need to be understood and practiced by all people regardless of ethnicity to create harmony and social cohesion between the various ethnic groups in Malaysia
Since "Democracy in America" was written, theories of democracy have experienced a vast... more Since "Democracy in America" was written, theories of democracy have experienced a vast array of diversity and changes. The real value in reviewing Tocqueville's theory, however, is its simplicity and practicality in comparison to other contemporary complex theories. This theory's popularity in non-western countries, with their unique values and historical heritage, is attributable to these features. This study reviews Tocqueville's theory of democracy with the aim of demonstrating its relevance to the current state of affairs in the Middle Eastern countries which are in the midst of a tourbillion of new democratic movements. The leaders of these movements are seeking democracy without liberal values as a result of their attempts to dovetail a democratic state with Islamic principles.
Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH)
HDC mensasarkan sebanyak 50,000 syarikat akan berjaya memperolehi pensijilan halal pada tahun 203... more HDC mensasarkan sebanyak 50,000 syarikat akan berjaya memperolehi pensijilan halal pada tahun 2030. Namun pada masa kini, HDC berdepan dengan cabaran apabila masih banyak syarikat belum mendapat pensijilan halal. Perkembangan ini menunjukkan keperluan strategi yang boleh dijalankan untuk meningkatkan kemahiran sumber manusia dalam pembangunan industri halal Malaysia. Oleh demikian, kajian ini dilaksanakan melalui kaedah kualitatif melalui temu bual dan kajian kepustakaan untuk mengkaji peranan pendidikan dan latihan dalam meningkatkan kemahiran sumber manusia dalam pembangunan industri Halal Malaysia. Temu bual dijalankan dengan Bahagian Hab Halal Jabatan Agama Islam Malaysia dan HDC. Hasil temu bual disokong dengan kajian kepustakaan iaitu menganalisis buku, artikel jurnal akademik, kertas kerja, laman web, statistik, dokumen, dan keratan akhbar. Hasil kajian mendapati Bahagian Hab Halal JAKIM dan HDC memainkan peranan dengan memberi pendidikan dan latihan dalam meningkatkan kemahi...
Penerbit Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 2012
Perpaduan merupakan tonggak pembinaan Negara-bangsa. Demi mencapai perpaduan yang optimum, sistem... more Perpaduan merupakan tonggak pembinaan Negara-bangsa. Demi mencapai perpaduan yang optimum, sistem pendidikan diamanahkan sebagai agen utama perpaduan masyarakat berbilang kaum di Malaysia. Evolusi Dasar Pendidikan Malaysia menyaksikan Sekolah Wawasan ditubuhkan sebagai salah satu usaha ke arah perpaduan. Akhir-akhir ini, kewujudan Sekolah Wawasan dilihat sebagai bukan lagi jalan penyelesaian terbaik oleh kementerian berwajib. Oleh yang demikian, isu penubuhan Sekolah Satu Aliran mula menjadi topik perbualan hangat dalam kalangan pemikir dan ahli politik sebagai alternatif. Sistem pendidikan sedia ada dicadangkan agar kembali ke arah mencapai semangat Penyata Razak 1956 dengan model Sekolah Satu Aliran. Persoalannya, sejauh manakah sistem pendidikan perlu diubah dan diolah agar integrasi tercapai? Benarkah sekolah satu aliran mampu memperbetulkan landasan perpaduan Negara? Justeru, penulisan ini merupakan suatu pengamatan awal berpandukan kepada temu bual mendalam terhadap 7 orang wakil pendidik sekitar Petaling Jaya dan Gombak, mewakili sekolah aliran kebangsaan, termasuk Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina dan Tamil. Kertas kertas ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti pendirian golongan pendidik terhadap penubuhan Sekolah Satu Aliran sebagai kunci perpaduan antara kaum. Rata-rata pendidik yang ditemui mempersetujui pelaksanaan sistem alternatif ini bersandarkan kepada kekuatan yang didokongnya. Walau bagaimanapun, proses pelaksanaan Sekolah Satu Aliran perlu dikaji dengan lebih mendalam agar tidak menyemai bibit-bibit perpecahan integrasi kaum. Sistem ini juga bakal mengharungi pelbagai rintangan pada peringkat awal penubuhannya
Malaysia is one of the multi-ethnic, multi-culture and multi-religious countries in Southeast Asi... more Malaysia is one of the multi-ethnic, multi-culture and multi-religious countries in Southeast Asia. Malaysia is a classic case where the state has used wide-ranging preferential policies to manage ethnic problems. As a matter of fact, because of the ethnic politics in Malaysia, the ethnic preferential policies affected most domains of this country, including social, political and economic areas, especially Chinese education in Malaysia. The objective of this paper is to examine Chinese education in Malaysia under Malaysian ethnic politics. Data of this article is based on two sources, primary data were collected through interviews and the informants were selected based on purposive sampling and snowball sampling, meanwhile, secondary data were collected from journal articles, newspapers, website pages and online resources. Hence, the authors focused on these qualitative data especially the informants’ oral interviews to reach the research objective. Content analysis was used to anal...
During recent one hundred years, all Iranian governments accused the ethnic groups on the secessi... more During recent one hundred years, all Iranian governments accused the ethnic groups on the secessionist aims, but the ethnic groups rejected these accusations. Simultaneous to the increase in the ethnic conflicts in the period of hard- liners in the past five years (mostly in non- violent form), accusations were strengthened. Through analysing the data collected by certain in-depth interviews with the Iranian ethnic groups ’ elites; this article tends to verify the existence of secessionist aspires in the ethnic groups while they pursue their right of self-determination. Collected data emphasize that the ethnic groups have not pursued secessionist aims, and they seek their right on self-determination in the context of Iran. According to the data, almost the entire ethnic movements even two autonomists republic which were established in 1945-1946 in Kurdistan and Azerbaijan had no secessionist aims.
During recent field trips to collect sundait (riddles) from Kadazandusun communities in Sabah, it... more During recent field trips to collect sundait (riddles) from Kadazandusun communities in Sabah, it was noted that many of the riddle answers relate to paddy farming: for example, rice planting activities and related paraphernalia are often mentioned. This paper analyzes collected Kadazandusun “paddy-related ” sundait based on their social context and background. In addition, it also examines traditional beliefs in paddy spirits and the origin of riddling at harvest-time. Some unique aspects of paddy-related sundait are highlighted and the relationship between the belief in paddy spirits and the ritual of harvest riddling is further explored.
When the Chinese migrated to Malaya en masse in the 19th century, they brought along with them th... more When the Chinese migrated to Malaya en masse in the 19th century, they brought along with them their religious belief. Many aspects of the Chinese Religion are still maintained and practiced by the Chinese in Malaysia today. However, after years of interaction with people from other ethnic origins in Malaysia, the Chinese has synthesized local elements into their belief system. Empirically, the worship of Datuk Gong is one of them. The worship originated from the Datuk Keramat cult, which was popular among the Malays in Malaysia. This paper attempts to explain why the Chinese in Malaysia accepted local elements such as the worship of Datuk Keramat into their religion and the meaning of such acceptance. When the Chinese Malaysian transfigured certain elements found in their religion to accept the concept of Datuk Keramat, it shows their long-term commitment to make Malaysia their home. In order to achieve these objectives, observations and interviews at ten Datuk Gong temples in Peni...
Considering the exponential growth of technology and media in Iranian society as well as the sign... more Considering the exponential growth of technology and media in Iranian society as well as the significant role of media culture in reproducing, reinforcing, and legitimizing dominant ideologies such as sexism, the central question posed by this paper is how Iranian feminist activists critically analyze media messages. Further, this paper explores the extent to which this analysis fits the critical media literacy framework. Using a critical media literacy framework underpinned by feminist standpoint theory, this paper presents results from qualitative interviews with 15 Iranian feminist activists. We find that Iranian feminist activists focus more on politics of representation and critique of gender ideology in the critical analysis of media products. Thus, critical analysis of media by Iranian feminist activists better fits the definition of critical media literacy than its core concepts. The findings also demonstrate that a transformative dimension of critical media literacy is igno...
Institute for Social Science Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 2013
Malaysia is a country of diverse races, religions, and customs where it is known as a society whi... more Malaysia is a country of diverse races, religions, and customs where it is known as a society which concerned about moral values towards achieving unity of the nation. Younger generation are the nation assets and they should be inculcated with noble values in order to form a civilized society with ethics and moral values. Therefore, this study aims to identify the level of knowledge among multi-ethnic youth toward the inculcation of moral values. The research design for this study is quantitative research and survey method was employed by distributing questionnaires. The study was conducted in four districts (Gombak, Ulu Langat, Petaling and Klang) in Selangor. A total number of 400 youth were selected randomly for this study. Each district comprised 100 youth from different ethnic including Malay, Chinese and Indian and age category among respondent is from 15 to 25 years. Findings of this study shows that the respondents have a high level of knowledge of the noble values which was instilled in Malaysian society. Thus, these noble values need to be understood and practiced by all people regardless of ethnicity to create harmony and social cohesion between the various ethnic groups in Malaysia
Since "Democracy in America" was written, theories of democracy have experienced a vast... more Since "Democracy in America" was written, theories of democracy have experienced a vast array of diversity and changes. The real value in reviewing Tocqueville's theory, however, is its simplicity and practicality in comparison to other contemporary complex theories. This theory's popularity in non-western countries, with their unique values and historical heritage, is attributable to these features. This study reviews Tocqueville's theory of democracy with the aim of demonstrating its relevance to the current state of affairs in the Middle Eastern countries which are in the midst of a tourbillion of new democratic movements. The leaders of these movements are seeking democracy without liberal values as a result of their attempts to dovetail a democratic state with Islamic principles.
Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH)
HDC mensasarkan sebanyak 50,000 syarikat akan berjaya memperolehi pensijilan halal pada tahun 203... more HDC mensasarkan sebanyak 50,000 syarikat akan berjaya memperolehi pensijilan halal pada tahun 2030. Namun pada masa kini, HDC berdepan dengan cabaran apabila masih banyak syarikat belum mendapat pensijilan halal. Perkembangan ini menunjukkan keperluan strategi yang boleh dijalankan untuk meningkatkan kemahiran sumber manusia dalam pembangunan industri halal Malaysia. Oleh demikian, kajian ini dilaksanakan melalui kaedah kualitatif melalui temu bual dan kajian kepustakaan untuk mengkaji peranan pendidikan dan latihan dalam meningkatkan kemahiran sumber manusia dalam pembangunan industri Halal Malaysia. Temu bual dijalankan dengan Bahagian Hab Halal Jabatan Agama Islam Malaysia dan HDC. Hasil temu bual disokong dengan kajian kepustakaan iaitu menganalisis buku, artikel jurnal akademik, kertas kerja, laman web, statistik, dokumen, dan keratan akhbar. Hasil kajian mendapati Bahagian Hab Halal JAKIM dan HDC memainkan peranan dengan memberi pendidikan dan latihan dalam meningkatkan kemahi...
Penerbit Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 2012
Perpaduan merupakan tonggak pembinaan Negara-bangsa. Demi mencapai perpaduan yang optimum, sistem... more Perpaduan merupakan tonggak pembinaan Negara-bangsa. Demi mencapai perpaduan yang optimum, sistem pendidikan diamanahkan sebagai agen utama perpaduan masyarakat berbilang kaum di Malaysia. Evolusi Dasar Pendidikan Malaysia menyaksikan Sekolah Wawasan ditubuhkan sebagai salah satu usaha ke arah perpaduan. Akhir-akhir ini, kewujudan Sekolah Wawasan dilihat sebagai bukan lagi jalan penyelesaian terbaik oleh kementerian berwajib. Oleh yang demikian, isu penubuhan Sekolah Satu Aliran mula menjadi topik perbualan hangat dalam kalangan pemikir dan ahli politik sebagai alternatif. Sistem pendidikan sedia ada dicadangkan agar kembali ke arah mencapai semangat Penyata Razak 1956 dengan model Sekolah Satu Aliran. Persoalannya, sejauh manakah sistem pendidikan perlu diubah dan diolah agar integrasi tercapai? Benarkah sekolah satu aliran mampu memperbetulkan landasan perpaduan Negara? Justeru, penulisan ini merupakan suatu pengamatan awal berpandukan kepada temu bual mendalam terhadap 7 orang wakil pendidik sekitar Petaling Jaya dan Gombak, mewakili sekolah aliran kebangsaan, termasuk Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina dan Tamil. Kertas kertas ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti pendirian golongan pendidik terhadap penubuhan Sekolah Satu Aliran sebagai kunci perpaduan antara kaum. Rata-rata pendidik yang ditemui mempersetujui pelaksanaan sistem alternatif ini bersandarkan kepada kekuatan yang didokongnya. Walau bagaimanapun, proses pelaksanaan Sekolah Satu Aliran perlu dikaji dengan lebih mendalam agar tidak menyemai bibit-bibit perpecahan integrasi kaum. Sistem ini juga bakal mengharungi pelbagai rintangan pada peringkat awal penubuhannya
Malaysia is one of the multi-ethnic, multi-culture and multi-religious countries in Southeast Asi... more Malaysia is one of the multi-ethnic, multi-culture and multi-religious countries in Southeast Asia. Malaysia is a classic case where the state has used wide-ranging preferential policies to manage ethnic problems. As a matter of fact, because of the ethnic politics in Malaysia, the ethnic preferential policies affected most domains of this country, including social, political and economic areas, especially Chinese education in Malaysia. The objective of this paper is to examine Chinese education in Malaysia under Malaysian ethnic politics. Data of this article is based on two sources, primary data were collected through interviews and the informants were selected based on purposive sampling and snowball sampling, meanwhile, secondary data were collected from journal articles, newspapers, website pages and online resources. Hence, the authors focused on these qualitative data especially the informants’ oral interviews to reach the research objective. Content analysis was used to anal...
During recent one hundred years, all Iranian governments accused the ethnic groups on the secessi... more During recent one hundred years, all Iranian governments accused the ethnic groups on the secessionist aims, but the ethnic groups rejected these accusations. Simultaneous to the increase in the ethnic conflicts in the period of hard- liners in the past five years (mostly in non- violent form), accusations were strengthened. Through analysing the data collected by certain in-depth interviews with the Iranian ethnic groups ’ elites; this article tends to verify the existence of secessionist aspires in the ethnic groups while they pursue their right of self-determination. Collected data emphasize that the ethnic groups have not pursued secessionist aims, and they seek their right on self-determination in the context of Iran. According to the data, almost the entire ethnic movements even two autonomists republic which were established in 1945-1946 in Kurdistan and Azerbaijan had no secessionist aims.
During recent field trips to collect sundait (riddles) from Kadazandusun communities in Sabah, it... more During recent field trips to collect sundait (riddles) from Kadazandusun communities in Sabah, it was noted that many of the riddle answers relate to paddy farming: for example, rice planting activities and related paraphernalia are often mentioned. This paper analyzes collected Kadazandusun “paddy-related ” sundait based on their social context and background. In addition, it also examines traditional beliefs in paddy spirits and the origin of riddling at harvest-time. Some unique aspects of paddy-related sundait are highlighted and the relationship between the belief in paddy spirits and the ritual of harvest riddling is further explored.
When the Chinese migrated to Malaya en masse in the 19th century, they brought along with them th... more When the Chinese migrated to Malaya en masse in the 19th century, they brought along with them their religious belief. Many aspects of the Chinese Religion are still maintained and practiced by the Chinese in Malaysia today. However, after years of interaction with people from other ethnic origins in Malaysia, the Chinese has synthesized local elements into their belief system. Empirically, the worship of Datuk Gong is one of them. The worship originated from the Datuk Keramat cult, which was popular among the Malays in Malaysia. This paper attempts to explain why the Chinese in Malaysia accepted local elements such as the worship of Datuk Keramat into their religion and the meaning of such acceptance. When the Chinese Malaysian transfigured certain elements found in their religion to accept the concept of Datuk Keramat, it shows their long-term commitment to make Malaysia their home. In order to achieve these objectives, observations and interviews at ten Datuk Gong temples in Peni...
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Papers by Yok Fee Lee