research-article

Bandwidth Reduction of Omnidirectional Viewport-Dependent Video Streaming via Subjective Quality Assessment

Authors:

Igor D.D. Curcio,

Henri Toukomaa,

Deepa NaikAuthors Info & Claims

AltMM '17: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Multimedia Alternate Realities

Pages 9 - 14

https://doi.org/10.1145/3132361.3132364

Published: 27 October 2017 Publication History

Abstract

Omnidirectional video is more and more widespread in consumer electronics and professional capture devices, as well over Internet via novel streaming services. Omnidirectional video requires a large streaming bandwidth. To date there is little knowledge about the subjective experience of streaming services of omnidirectional video. The aim of this paper is to present subjective assessment results of experiments using a tile-based streaming system for omnidirectional video with the goal of reducing the streaming bandwidth. The results we present show that it is possible to reduce streaming bit rates by an average of 44% for a subjective DMOS value of 4.5 for different content genres.

References

[1]

S. Shi, K. Nahrstedt and R. Campbell. 2001. Distortion over Latency: Novel Metric for Measuring Interactive Performance in Remote Rendering Systems, ICME, Barcelona, Spain, (11-15 Jul 2001).

[2]

O. Ochi and S. Iwaki. 2015. Real-Time Omnidirectional Video Streaming System, NTT Technical Review, Vol. 13, No. 6, (Jun 2015), 1--5.

[3]

M. J. Prins, O.A. Niamut, R. van Branderburg, J.-F. Maq, P. Rondao Alface and N. Verzijp. 2013. A Hybrid Architecture for Delivery of Panoramic Video, EuroITV 2013, Como, Italy, (June 2013), 99--106.

Digital Library

[4]

R. Schäfer, P. Kauff, R. Skupin, Y. Sánchez and C. Weißig. 2017. Interactive Streaming of Panoramas and VR Worlds, SMPTE Motion Imaging J., Vol. 128, No. 1, (Jan 2017), 35--42.

[5]

P. Rondao Alface, J.-F. Maq and N. Verzijp. 2012. Interactive Omnidirectional Video Delivery: A Bandwidth-Effective Approach, Bell Labs Tech. J., 16, 135--148.

Digital Library

[6]

N. Jiang, V. Swaminathan and S. Wei. 2017. Power Evaluation of 360 VR Video Streaming on Head Mounted Display Devices, ACM 27th Workshop on NOSSDAV '17, Taipei, Taiwan, (20-23 Jun 2017), 55--60.

Digital Library

[7]

C.-L. Fan, J. Lee, W.-C. Lo, C.-Y. Huang, K.-T. Chen and C.-H. Hsu. 2017. Fixation Prediction for 360° Video Streaming in Head-Mounted Virtual Reality, ACM 27th Workshop on NOSSDAV '17, Taipei, Taiwan, (20-23 Jun 2017), 67--72.

Digital Library

[8]

M. Hosseini and V. Swaminathan. 2016. Adaptive 360 VR Video Streaming: Divide and Conquer!, IEEE Int. Symp. on Multimedia, San Jose, CA, (11-13 Dec 2016).

[9]

M. Graf, C. Timmerer, and C. Mueller. 2017. Towards Bandwidth Efficient Adaptive Streaming of Omnidirectional Video over HTTP: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (MMSys'17), Taipei, Taiwan, 20-23 June 2017, 261--271.

Digital Library

[10]

A. Zare, A. Aminlou, M. M. Hannuksela, and M. Gabbouj. 2016. HEVC-compliant Tile-based Streaming of Panoramic Video for Virtual Reality Applications. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM Multimedia Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 15-19 October 2016, 601--605.

Digital Library

[11]

R. Schatz, A. Sackl, C. Timmerer and B. Gardlo, Towards Subjective Quality of Experience Assessment for Omnidirectional Video Streaming, IEEE 9th Int. Conf. on QoMEX, Erfurt, Germany, (31 May 2017).

[12]

ISO/IEC 23009-1. 2016. Information technology - Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) - Part 1: media presentation description and segment formats.

[13]

Wikipedia. 2017. Field of view, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_of_view, accessed on (19 Jul 2017).

[14]

B. D. Lawson. 2014. Motion sickness symptomatology and origins, in Handbook of virtual environments: design, implementation and applications, Second edition, in K. S. Hale and K. M. Stanney (Eds.), CRC Press, 531--599.

[15]

I. D.D. Curcio. 2017. Similarity Ring Metric (SRM) for Subjective Evaluation of 360-Degree Video, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 MPEG #119, m41303, Torino, Italy, (Jul 2017).

[16]

ITU-R. 2012. Methodology for the subjective assessment of the quality of television pictures, BT.500-13, (Jan 2012).

[17]

ITU-R. 2015. Subjective methods for the assessment of stereoscopic 3DTV systems, BT.2021-1, (Feb 2015).

[18]

ITU-T, 2016. Mean opinion score interpretation and reporting, P.800.2, (Jul'16).

[19]

ITU-T, 2008. Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications, P.910, (Apr 2008).

[20]

ITU-T, 2016. Methods for the subjective assessment of video quality, audio quality and audiovisual quality of Internet video and distribution quality television in any environment, P.913, (Mar 2016).

[21]

ITU-T, 2016. Subjective assessment methods for 3D video, P.915, (Mar 2016).

[22]

ITU-T, 2016. Information and guidelines for assessing and minimizing visual discomfort and visual fatigue from 3D video, P.916, (Mar 2016).

[23]

S. Ishihara. 1997. The Series of Plates Designed as a test for Colour Deficiency. Concise Edition. Tokyo: Kanehara Trading.

[24]

TNO. 1972. Test for Stereoscopic Vision, Nieuwegein: Lameris Ootech.

[25]

ITU-T. 2016. Test plan for subjective assessment for VR video quality, (11 Oct 2016), VQEG, IMG116.

[26]

E. Upenik, M. Rerabek and T. Ebrahimi. 2016. A testbed for subjective evaluation of omnidirectonal visual content, 32nd PCS, Nuremberg, Germany, (4-7 Dec 2016).

Cited By

Faruqui NAchar SRacherla SDhanawat VSripathi PIslam MUddin JOthman MSamad MChoi K(2024)Cloud IaaS Optimization Using Machine Vision at the IoT Edge and the Grid Sensing AlgorithmSensors10.3390/s2421689524:21(6895)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/s24216895
Wen WLi MYao YSui XZhang YLan LFang YMa K(2024)Perceptual Quality Assessment of Virtual Reality Videos in the WildIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology10.1109/TCSVT.2024.337835234:9(8368-8381)Online publication date: Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2024.3378352
Kara BAkcay MBegen AAhsan SCurcio IAksu E(2023)Could Head Motions Affect Quality When Viewing 360° Videos?IEEE MultiMedia10.1109/MMUL.2022.321508930:2(28-37)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MMUL.2022.3215089
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Bandwidth Reduction of Omnidirectional Viewport-Dependent Video Streaming via Subjective Quality Assessment
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction paradigms
      1. Virtual reality
2. Information systems
  1. Information systems applications
    1. Enterprise information systems
    2. Multimedia information systems
      1. Multimedia streaming

Recommendations

Towards Bandwidth Efficient Adaptive Streaming of Omnidirectional Video over HTTP: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation
MMSys'17: Proceedings of the 8th ACM on Multimedia Systems Conference

Real-time entertainment services such as streaming audiovisual content deployed over the open, unmanaged Internet account now for more than 70% during peak periods. More and more such bandwidth hungry applications and services are proposed like ...
Comparison of Subjective Quality Evaluation for HEVC Encoded Omnidirectional Videos at Different Bit-rates for UHD and FHD Resolution
Thematic Workshops '17: Proceedings of the on Thematic Workshops of ACM Multimedia 2017

In this paper, we perform subjective quality evaluation studies for HEVC/H.265-encoded omnidirectional videos at different bit-rates for two different resolutions (FHD and UHD) on an Oculus Rift. Results of these tests provide insight into appropriate ...
Optimized Viewport Dependent Streaming of Stereoscopic Omnidirectional Video
PV '18: Proceedings of the 23rd Packet Video Workshop

Streaming the whole omnidirectional video at high quality is less efficient in terms of bandwidth requirements and decoding complexity, since only a small part of the 360-degree horizontal field of view can be seen by a user at a given point in time. In ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

AltMM '17: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Multimedia Alternate Realities

October 2017

40 pages

ISBN:9781450355070

DOI:10.1145/3132361

General Chairs:
Teresa Chambel
LASIGE, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
,
Rene Kaiser
Know-Center, Austria
,
Omar Aziz Niamut
TNO, The Netherlands
,
Wei Tsang Ooi
National University of Singapore, Singapore

Copyright © 2017 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

Sponsors

SIGMM: ACM Special Interest Group on Multimedia

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 27 October 2017

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

MM '17

Sponsor:

SIGMM

MM '17: ACM Multimedia Conference

October 27, 2017

California, Mountain View, USA

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 5 of 16 submissions, 31%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

26
Total Citations
View Citations
362
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)10
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1

Reflects downloads up to 21 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Faruqui NAchar SRacherla SDhanawat VSripathi PIslam MUddin JOthman MSamad MChoi K(2024)Cloud IaaS Optimization Using Machine Vision at the IoT Edge and the Grid Sensing AlgorithmSensors10.3390/s2421689524:21(6895)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/s24216895
Wen WLi MYao YSui XZhang YLan LFang YMa K(2024)Perceptual Quality Assessment of Virtual Reality Videos in the WildIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology10.1109/TCSVT.2024.337835234:9(8368-8381)Online publication date: Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2024.3378352
Kara BAkcay MBegen AAhsan SCurcio IAksu E(2023)Could Head Motions Affect Quality When Viewing 360° Videos?IEEE MultiMedia10.1109/MMUL.2022.321508930:2(28-37)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MMUL.2022.3215089
Singla ASingla A(2023)State of the ArtAssessment of Visual Quality and Simulator Sickness for Omnidirectional Videos10.1007/978-3-031-49988-3_2(7-27)Online publication date: 11-Nov-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49988-3_2
Meng YMa Z(2022)Viewport-Based Omnidirectional Video Quality Assessment: Database, Modeling and InferenceIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology10.1109/TCSVT.2021.305736832:1(120-134)Online publication date: Jan-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2021.3057368
Akcay MKara BBegen AAhsan SCurcio IAksu E(2022)Rate-Adaptive Streaming of 360-Degree Videos with Head-Motion-Aware Viewport Margins2022 IEEE 5th International Conference on Multimedia Information Processing and Retrieval (MIPR)10.1109/MIPR54900.2022.00056(274-280)Online publication date: Aug-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/MIPR54900.2022.00056
Kara BAkcay MBegen AAhsan SCurcio IKammachi-Sreedhar KAksu E(2022)Benchmarking the Second Edition of the Omnidirectional Media Format Standard2022 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM)10.1109/ISM55400.2022.00038(173-176)Online publication date: Dec-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/ISM55400.2022.00038
Akcay MKara BAhsan SBegen ACurcio IAksu E(2021)Head-Motion-Aware Viewport Margins for Improving User Experience in Immersive VideoProceedings of the 3rd ACM International Conference on Multimedia in Asia10.1145/3469877.3490573(1-5)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3469877.3490573
Akcay MAlay ÖHsu CBegen A(2021)Improving Server and Client-Side Algorithms for Adaptive Streaming of Non-Immersive and Immersive MediaProceedings of the 12th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference10.1145/3458305.3478461(383-387)Online publication date: 24-Jun-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3458305.3478461
Zou WZhang WYang F(2021)Modeling the Perceptual Quality for Viewport-Adaptive Omnidirectional Video Streaming Considering Dynamic Quality Boundary ArtifactIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology10.1109/TCSVT.2021.305015731:11(4241-4254)Online publication date: Nov-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2021.3050157
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents