Coffee, as one of the most consumed beverages, generates a wide variety of waste materials that c... more Coffee, as one of the most consumed beverages, generates a wide variety of waste materials that can be used as biofuels and bio-products. Conventional pyrolysis can be used in rural areas, improving the circular bioeconomy of these places. In this work, the characterization and slow pyrolysis of specialty coffee residues, coffee silverskin (CSS), and spent coffee (SC) were conducted at temperatures from 300 to 600 °C. Physico-chemical and thermal analysis were carried out. In addition, the quantification of individual compounds as acetic, formic, and levulinic acids, caffeine, and other minor compounds was performed. The results indicate the differences between both waste materials in the obtained pyrolysis fractions. The biochar fraction for SC is lower at all temperatures and the liquid fraction higher, reaching maximum values of 62 wt.% in the liquid at 600 °C compared to 47% in CSS. The higher yield in the liquid fraction of SC corresponds to the higher contents of hemicellulose...
Currently, biofuels are the most significant alternative fuel aiming to provide clean power for t... more Currently, biofuels are the most significant alternative fuel aiming to provide clean power for transport, in case sustainable production technologies are employed. Due to the increased tendency of turning over the existing agricultural land to biofuel production, lignocellulosic feedstock is gaining increasing support against the use of first generation feedstock such as sugar cane, corn, wheat or sweet potatoes. However, despite the existing pilot plants, energy intensive technological processes like pretreatment and distillation, as well as high cost of enzymes, still prevent market rollout of production facilities, extensive researches being conducted in order to find economically feasible alternatives. New closeto market techniques, withimproved performance in terms of energy and resources, are discussed: the relatively recent SPORL pretreatment, reported as the most effective in size-reduction energy consumption; pretreatment by means of extrusion a technique in which biomass ...
Authors would like to thank the Department of Education, Universities and Investigation of the Ba... more Authors would like to thank the Department of Education, Universities and Investigation of the Basque Government (Postdoctoral Development Program and project IT672-13) and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CTQ2013-41246-R) for financially supporting this work.
The evolution of lignin, five- and six-carbon sugars, and other decomposition products derived fr... more The evolution of lignin, five- and six-carbon sugars, and other decomposition products derived from hemicelluloses and cellulose was monitored in a sulfite pulp mill. The wastewater streams were characterized and the mass balances throughout digestion and total chlorine free bleaching stages were determined. Summative analysis in conjunction with pulp parameters highlights some process guidelines and valorization alternatives towards the transformation of the traditional factory into a lignocellulosic biorefinery. The results showed a good separation of cellulose (99.64%) during wood digestion, with 87.23% of hemicellulose and 98.47% lignin dissolved into the waste streams. The following steps should be carried out to increase the sugar content into the waste streams: (i) optimization of the digestion conditions increasing hemicellulose depolymerization; (ii) improvement of the ozonation and peroxide bleaching stages, avoiding deconstruction of the cellulose chains but maintaining i...
Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2011
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Olive oil mill waste is a serious environmental problem in the Mediterranean... more ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Olive oil mill waste is a serious environmental problem in the Mediterranean basin given its particular characteristics of high organic content, seasonal and localized generation, and the type of processing involved. RESULTS: Olive mill waste from a three-phasemill was characterized by means of total analysis, availability and mobility of the pollutants in order to help the decision-maker about possible options for its valorization and/or disposal. Water content, loss of ignition, total organic carbon, phenol index and metals concentrations were measured to fully characterize the waste. Three leaching tests (NEN 7341, EN 12457 and UNE CEN-TS 15364 EX) were carried out to evaluate the environmental hazard of the waste material and the leachates were characterized with respect to electric conductivity, pH, heavy metals, anions and organic pollutants (phenol index and total organic carbon) according to European waste directives. The results were compared with EU regulations for inert, non-hazardous and hazardous waste disposal. CONCLUSION: It was found that not only organic parameters must be taken into account concerning the fate of this waste material, but also the mobility of heavy metals and anions should be studied. Furthermore, stabilization/solidification processes are recommended before landfill disposal of this kind of agro-waste material. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Coffee, as one of the most consumed beverages, generates a wide variety of waste materials that c... more Coffee, as one of the most consumed beverages, generates a wide variety of waste materials that can be used as biofuels and bio-products. Conventional pyrolysis can be used in rural areas, improving the circular bioeconomy of these places. In this work, the characterization and slow pyrolysis of specialty coffee residues, coffee silverskin (CSS), and spent coffee (SC) were conducted at temperatures from 300 to 600 °C. Physico-chemical and thermal analysis were carried out. In addition, the quantification of individual compounds as acetic, formic, and levulinic acids, caffeine, and other minor compounds was performed. The results indicate the differences between both waste materials in the obtained pyrolysis fractions. The biochar fraction for SC is lower at all temperatures and the liquid fraction higher, reaching maximum values of 62 wt.% in the liquid at 600 °C compared to 47% in CSS. The higher yield in the liquid fraction of SC corresponds to the higher contents of hemicellulose...
Currently, biofuels are the most significant alternative fuel aiming to provide clean power for t... more Currently, biofuels are the most significant alternative fuel aiming to provide clean power for transport, in case sustainable production technologies are employed. Due to the increased tendency of turning over the existing agricultural land to biofuel production, lignocellulosic feedstock is gaining increasing support against the use of first generation feedstock such as sugar cane, corn, wheat or sweet potatoes. However, despite the existing pilot plants, energy intensive technological processes like pretreatment and distillation, as well as high cost of enzymes, still prevent market rollout of production facilities, extensive researches being conducted in order to find economically feasible alternatives. New closeto market techniques, withimproved performance in terms of energy and resources, are discussed: the relatively recent SPORL pretreatment, reported as the most effective in size-reduction energy consumption; pretreatment by means of extrusion a technique in which biomass ...
Authors would like to thank the Department of Education, Universities and Investigation of the Ba... more Authors would like to thank the Department of Education, Universities and Investigation of the Basque Government (Postdoctoral Development Program and project IT672-13) and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CTQ2013-41246-R) for financially supporting this work.
The evolution of lignin, five- and six-carbon sugars, and other decomposition products derived fr... more The evolution of lignin, five- and six-carbon sugars, and other decomposition products derived from hemicelluloses and cellulose was monitored in a sulfite pulp mill. The wastewater streams were characterized and the mass balances throughout digestion and total chlorine free bleaching stages were determined. Summative analysis in conjunction with pulp parameters highlights some process guidelines and valorization alternatives towards the transformation of the traditional factory into a lignocellulosic biorefinery. The results showed a good separation of cellulose (99.64%) during wood digestion, with 87.23% of hemicellulose and 98.47% lignin dissolved into the waste streams. The following steps should be carried out to increase the sugar content into the waste streams: (i) optimization of the digestion conditions increasing hemicellulose depolymerization; (ii) improvement of the ozonation and peroxide bleaching stages, avoiding deconstruction of the cellulose chains but maintaining i...
Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2011
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Olive oil mill waste is a serious environmental problem in the Mediterranean... more ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Olive oil mill waste is a serious environmental problem in the Mediterranean basin given its particular characteristics of high organic content, seasonal and localized generation, and the type of processing involved. RESULTS: Olive mill waste from a three-phasemill was characterized by means of total analysis, availability and mobility of the pollutants in order to help the decision-maker about possible options for its valorization and/or disposal. Water content, loss of ignition, total organic carbon, phenol index and metals concentrations were measured to fully characterize the waste. Three leaching tests (NEN 7341, EN 12457 and UNE CEN-TS 15364 EX) were carried out to evaluate the environmental hazard of the waste material and the leachates were characterized with respect to electric conductivity, pH, heavy metals, anions and organic pollutants (phenol index and total organic carbon) according to European waste directives. The results were compared with EU regulations for inert, non-hazardous and hazardous waste disposal. CONCLUSION: It was found that not only organic parameters must be taken into account concerning the fate of this waste material, but also the mobility of heavy metals and anions should be studied. Furthermore, stabilization/solidification processes are recommended before landfill disposal of this kind of agro-waste material. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Uploads
Papers by Alberto Coz