Papers by dino scaravelli
Animals, Apr 19, 2023
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Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research, 2017
Calliphora vicina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) it is a facultative ectoparasite responsible for traum... more Calliphora vicina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) it is a facultative ectoparasite responsible for traumatic myiasis in humans and warmblooded vertebrates in the world. In this work one case of traumatic myasis caused by C. vicina (Diptera Calliphoirdae) is reported for the first time in a vulnerable crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata Linnaeus, 1758). A total of 30 larvae located in the posterior-dorsal area of the animal were removed from inside the lesion and either preserved in ethanol or reared to the adult stage. This report shows the great ability of C. vicina to use many organic matter for the food source’s offspring, including many live vertebrates.
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Non-invasive sampling for genetic analysis using DNA from feces is a useful technique to monitor ... more Non-invasive sampling for genetic analysis using DNA from feces is a useful technique to monitor animal populations. But despite being a very promising tool, it still has some limitations and can give some problems such as low success rates of genotyped samples, contamination concerns and high microsatellite genotyping error rates. To optimize success, it is important to follow specific steps, including a stringent sample selection in the field, proper storage conditions, and choice of the optimal DNA extraction method for the study species. Furthermore, the PCR success rate could potentially be influenced by factors prior to collection, such as temperature and the diet of the species, as well as by sample storage time. Here, we investigated the effect of temperature at time of collection, average maximum temperature one week prior to collection and storage time on the amplification success rate of microsatellite DNA extracted from XX fecal samples of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in the Netherlands. To do this, we considered two cases: firstly, we performed a logistic regression to assess whether temperature at time of collection and/or storage time could be used to predict the genotyping success rate for one microsatellite locus, that is used as a primary selection tool for sample quality. Secondly, we considered PCR success rate as the number of successfully scored loci out of the total 13 loci used in the landscape genetic study of Dutch otters and assessed the effect of temperature at time of collection, average maximum temperatures one week prior to collection and storage time. Results showed that when considering one locus only, the amplification success rate was not influenced by temperature. However, when considering all the loci temperature at time of collection and temperature one week prior positively influenced the PCR success rate, meaning that as the temperature raised, the success rate increased. This result was contrasting most of the literature, indeed, as it would be expected, high temperatures should cause a more rapid degradation of DNA caused by higher activity of hydrolytic enzymes in feces. Probably there were outside factors (e.g. the otters\u2019 diet) that we did not control and that were confounded with temperature requiring the need for further investigation. Storage time had no effect on DNA amplification success rate in any of our tests. Our results suggest that DNA amplification success rate is influenced by many factors. Before starting a non-invasive study, it is fundamental to take into account several factors and to study to what extent each factor influences the amplification success in order to maximize the DNA amplification success rate and to reduce genotyping error rates
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Journal of Comparative Pathology, 2017
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Behavioral Ecology
The ability of an animal to detect environmental cues is crucial for its survival and fitness. In... more The ability of an animal to detect environmental cues is crucial for its survival and fitness. In bats, sound certainly plays a significant role in the search for food, spatial navigation, and social communication. Yet, the efficiency of bat’s echolocation could be limited by atmospheric attenuation and background clutter. In this context, sound can be complemented by other sensory modalities, like smell or vision. Spix’s disc-winged bat (Thyroptera tricolor) uses acoustic cues from other group members to locate the roost (tubular unfurled leaves of plants in the order Zingiberales). Our research focused on how individuals find a roost that has not been yet occupied, considering the urge to find a suitable leaf approximately every day, during nighttime or in daylight. We observed the process of roost finding in T. tricolor in a flight cage, manipulating the audio/visual sensory input available for each trial. A broadband noise was broadcast in order to mask echolocation, while exper...
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Parasite
Domestic and wild felids are considered suitable hosts for the parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei, ... more Domestic and wild felids are considered suitable hosts for the parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei, and sarcoptic mange is reported in several felid species in the scientific literature. However, the historic classification of Sarcoptes mites into host-specific varieties does not include S. scabiei var. felis. It is unclear whether sarcoptic mange transmission in felids involves canids, other sympatric species, or exclusively felids. This study aimed to characterize the genetic structure of S. scabiei mites from domestic cats (Felis catus) and Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx carpathicus), comparing them with Sarcoptes mites from sympatric domestic and wild carnivores. Ten Sarcoptes microsatellite markers were used to genotype 81 mites obtained from skin scrapings of 36 carnivores: 4 domestic cats, one dog (Canis lupus familiaris), 4 Eurasian lynx, 23 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), and 4 grey wolves (Canis lupus lupus) from either Italy, Switzerland or France. Two genetic clusters of S. scabiei wi...
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La fauna ittica italiana fronteggia un’invasiva presenza di specie alloctone pressoche in tutti i... more La fauna ittica italiana fronteggia un’invasiva presenza di specie alloctone pressoche in tutti i corpi idrici e il siluro (Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758) oggi e diffuso in tutto il bacino padano e non solo; nei corpi idrici dov’e stato introdotto da tempo, si riproduce e sconvolge, con la sua pesante presenza, le comunita ittiche autoctone. Nell'ambito del "Progetto Siluro” della Provincia di Alessandria, volto alla mappatura ed allo studio della sua presenza e consistenza nei diversi bacini e ad un primo tentativo di controllo, si e valutata la dieta autunnale della specie in un primo campione di individui. I campionamenti, svolti nel novembre 2008 mediante elettrostorditore, sono stati operati su sistemi idrici secondari, come il torrente Rotaldo, presso Valmacca, e la roggia Due Sture, presso Terranova, oltre che nel corso del Po presso Frassineto Po. Sono stati campionati nei due corpi idrici secondari 500 m lineari, con la cattura di 16 siluri; nel Po sono stati campi...
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Il presente contributo si propone di sintetizzare, e presentare alla comunità scientifica ed agli... more Il presente contributo si propone di sintetizzare, e presentare alla comunità scientifica ed agli stakeholders, il Protocollo di Monitoraggio dell’Osservatorio Nazionale Eolico e Fauna, contenente indicazioni di carattere tecnico-scientifico per pianificare ed eseguire attività di monitoraggio, ante e post operam, delle popolazioni di avi e chirotterofauna su siti eolici, allo scopo di concretizzare il più possibile la sua applicazione su tutto il territorio nazionale. Ai fini dell’elaborazione del Protocollo, l’Osservatorio, istituito congiuntamente da ANEV e Legambiente con la collaborazione dell’ISPRA (Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale), ha costituito un Comitato Scientifico, formato da esperti, accademici e personalità del settore, che ha lavorato congiuntamente con l’unico scopo di ottenere un prodotto finale fondato sulle più accreditate metodologie scientifiche riconosciute in ambito internazionale. Il Protocollo descrive una serie di metodologie sc...
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Liver
... Be the Major Factor Impacting the Health of Striped Dolphins along the Ligurian Sea Coast of ... more ... Be the Major Factor Impacting the Health of Striped Dolphins along the Ligurian Sea Coast of Italy. Annalisa Zaccaroni 1 ; Dino Scaravelli 1 ... may be also the case of subacute to chronic meningo-encephalitis, showing similarities with those reported in the course of Brucella spp. ...
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swild.ch, 1999
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Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research, Sep 11, 2017
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Papers by dino scaravelli