Animal fibres

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This document discusses different types of animal and plant fibers used to make cloth, including their properties and production processes. It describes how wool is obtained from sheep and other animals through shearing and cleaning. The rearing of silkworms and production of silk through processes like incubation, reeling, and boiling cocoons is also outlined. Potential health issues for workers in sericulture and wool industries like sorter's disease and respiratory illnesses are mentioned. The document concludes with a table comparing how silk, wool, and artificial fibers burn or melt and their smells when heated.

Long ago, human beings used leaves, barks
of trees and skins of animals to cover their
bodies then they learnt the art of weaving
and started making cloth. There are two
types of the clothes they are
1.natural fibres 2.artificial fibres

CLIMATE AND CLOTHES
We wear clothes depending on the climate.
In summer we wear loose and light colored cotton
clothes. In winter ,we wear thick, dark colored
clothes made of wool, fur , or leather. During the
rainy season we usually wear cotton clothes.

NATURAL FIBRES
Some of our clothes are made from yarn
derived from animal fibres . These are a type
of natural fibres as they are obtained from
nature. certain fibres are not made from
natural sources.

VEGETABLE FIBRES
These include cotton the most widely used of all
textile fibres,flax,hemp,jute etc.the bas of the
vegetable fibres Is cellulose which is the material
used by nature as a structural material in the plan
world.
flax
hemp

ANIMAL FIBRES
• These include wool and silk. Wool comes
from mainly from fleece of sheep. We get
wool also from goat ,yak, camel and rabbit
and silk is produced from silk worms.

WOOL

• Wool, common name applied to the soft, curly
fibers obtained chiefly from the fleece of
domesticated sheep, and used extensively in
textile manufacturing. Wool may be differentiated
from hair mainly by the nature of the scales that
cover the outer surface of each fiber.

OTHER TYPES OF WOOL
• ALPACA ,LLAMA,CAMEL :-these hair yarns
•
•

•
•

are spun from the fleece o of the animals
that are the members of he camel family.
CASHMERE :- is an extremely soft resilient,
and easy to dye fibre.these fibre comes from
the cashmere goat.
ANGORA:- this fibre comes from the angora
rabbit.
MOHAIR :- comes from the angora goat.
YAK WOOL :- is popular in Tibet and ladakh.

FROM HAIR TO WOOL

• REARING :- sheep are reared mainly for their
wool. They are mainly reared in areas with low
rainfall.

• SHEARING:- once a sheep develops a thick coat
of hair , it is shave for getting wool. the removal
of wool from a sheep is called shearing.

• SCOURING :- the sheared hair is moved through
tubs filled with soapy water to remove dust ,dirt
and grease.

• SORTING :- sorting consists of separating hair of
different textures.

REMOVING BURR :- burrs are soft
Fluffy fibres in wool these are removed
manually.
DYEING :- the natural hair of the sheep is
white , brown or black. It is dyed in different
colors.
MAKING YARN :- next the wool is straightened
combed and spun into yarn after spinning the
wool is either woven or knitted.

SILK
• Silk, fiber produced as a cocoon covering by the
silkworm, and valuable for its use in fine fabrics
and textiles. The silkworm, in fact, is not a worm
but a caterpillar. Although cocoon coverings of
fiber are made by a large number of insects.

SERICULTURE

• Sericulture, or the raising of silkworms,
involves the incubation of the tiny eggs of
the silkworm moth until they hatch and
become worms

HEALTH CONDITIONS OF WORKERS
IN THE SERICULTURE INDUSTRY
Workers employed in almost all processes
of the sericulture industry are adversely
affected by a number of diseases.
Sorter’s disease: People working in the
wool industry sometimes get infected by a
bacterium called anthrax. It leads to a
fatal blood disease called sorter’s disease.

Respiratory diseases: Inhalation of vapors
arising from cocoons undergoing steaming,
cooking and reeling produces breathing problems,
asthma and other bronchial ailments.
Scabies and other skin infections: the first step
in reeling is the boiling of cocoons in water to kill
the worms.

CHARACTERISTIC CLOTH OBSERVATION

Burns or melts

smell

silk
wool
artificial

burns
burns
melts

silk
no strong odour
wool
Burning hair
artificial Characteristic
odour

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The document discusses different types of textile fibers, including their properties and production methods. It covers natural fibers like cotton, jute, silk and wool as well as man-made fibers including rayon, nylon, polyester. For natural fibers it discusses the plant or animal source and composition. For man-made fibers it explains the production processes of viscose, acetate, acrylic and other synthetic fibers. The document also covers specialty fibers like microfibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers and metallic fibers.

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This document summarizes the key properties and uses of various natural textile fibers including cotton, coir, hemp, linen, ramie, jute, kapok, sisal, alpaca, angora, cashmere, sheep wool, mohair, and camel hair. It describes where each fiber comes from, its characteristics such as softness, strength, and insulation properties. It also outlines common applications for each fiber, noting that many are used alone or blended with others in clothing, home textiles, and industrial products.

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Animal fibres

2. TOPIC ANIMAL FIBRES

3. Long ago, human beings used leaves, barks of trees and skins of animals to cover their bodies then they learnt the art of weaving and started making cloth. There are two types of the clothes they are 1.natural fibres 2.artificial fibres

4. CLIMATE AND CLOTHES We wear clothes depending on the climate. In summer we wear loose and light colored cotton clothes. In winter ,we wear thick, dark colored clothes made of wool, fur , or leather. During the rainy season we usually wear cotton clothes.

5. NATURAL FIBRES Some of our clothes are made from yarn derived from animal fibres . These are a type of natural fibres as they are obtained from nature. certain fibres are not made from natural sources.

6. VEGETABLE FIBRES These include cotton the most widely used of all textile fibres,flax,hemp,jute etc.the bas of the vegetable fibres Is cellulose which is the material used by nature as a structural material in the plan world. flax hemp

7. ANIMAL FIBRES • These include wool and silk. Wool comes from mainly from fleece of sheep. We get wool also from goat ,yak, camel and rabbit and silk is produced from silk worms.

8. WOOL • Wool, common name applied to the soft, curly fibers obtained chiefly from the fleece of domesticated sheep, and used extensively in textile manufacturing. Wool may be differentiated from hair mainly by the nature of the scales that cover the outer surface of each fiber.

9. OTHER TYPES OF WOOL • ALPACA ,LLAMA,CAMEL :-these hair yarns • • • • are spun from the fleece o of the animals that are the members of he camel family. CASHMERE :- is an extremely soft resilient, and easy to dye fibre.these fibre comes from the cashmere goat. ANGORA:- this fibre comes from the angora rabbit. MOHAIR :- comes from the angora goat. YAK WOOL :- is popular in Tibet and ladakh.

10. WOOL PRODUCING ANIMALS

11. FROM HAIR TO WOOL • REARING :- sheep are reared mainly for their wool. They are mainly reared in areas with low rainfall. • SHEARING:- once a sheep develops a thick coat of hair , it is shave for getting wool. the removal of wool from a sheep is called shearing. • SCOURING :- the sheared hair is moved through tubs filled with soapy water to remove dust ,dirt and grease. • SORTING :- sorting consists of separating hair of different textures.

12. REMOVING BURR :- burrs are soft Fluffy fibres in wool these are removed manually. DYEING :- the natural hair of the sheep is white , brown or black. It is dyed in different colors. MAKING YARN :- next the wool is straightened combed and spun into yarn after spinning the wool is either woven or knitted.

14. SILK • Silk, fiber produced as a cocoon covering by the silkworm, and valuable for its use in fine fabrics and textiles. The silkworm, in fact, is not a worm but a caterpillar. Although cocoon coverings of fiber are made by a large number of insects.

15. Life cycle of silk worm

16. SERICULTURE • Sericulture, or the raising of silkworms, involves the incubation of the tiny eggs of the silkworm moth until they hatch and become worms

17. HEALTH CONDITIONS OF WORKERS IN THE SERICULTURE INDUSTRY Workers employed in almost all processes of the sericulture industry are adversely affected by a number of diseases. Sorter’s disease: People working in the wool industry sometimes get infected by a bacterium called anthrax. It leads to a fatal blood disease called sorter’s disease.

18. Respiratory diseases: Inhalation of vapors arising from cocoons undergoing steaming, cooking and reeling produces breathing problems, asthma and other bronchial ailments. Scabies and other skin infections: the first step in reeling is the boiling of cocoons in water to kill the worms.

19. CHARACTERISTIC CLOTH OBSERVATION Burns or melts smell silk wool artificial burns burns melts silk no strong odour wool Burning hair artificial Characteristic odour

20. THANK YOU DONE BY:P.SAI CHARAN

Editor's Notes

#3: TOPIC
#4: Long ago, human beings used leaves, barks of trees and skins of animals to cover their bodies then they learnt the art of weaving and started making cloth.
#5: We wear clothes depending on the climate.In summer we wear loose and light colored cotton clothes. In winter ,we wear thick, dark colored clothes made of wool, fur , or leather. During the rainy season we usually wear cotton clothes.
#6: Some of our clothes are made from yarn derived from animal fibres . These are a type of natural fibres as they are obtained from nature. certain fibres are not made from natural sources.
#7: These include cotton the most widely used of all textile fibres,flax,hemp,jute etc.the bas of the vegetable fibres Is cellulose which is the material used by nature as a structural material in the plan world.
#8: These include wool and silk. Wool comes from mainly from fleece of sheep. We get wool also from goat ,yak, camel and rabbit and silk is produced from silk worms.
#9: Wool, common name applied to the soft, curly fibers obtained chiefly from the fleece of domesticated sheep, and used extensively in textile manufacturing. Wool may be differentiated from hair mainly by the nature of the scales that cover the outer surface of each fiber.
#13: REMOVING BURR :- burrs are soft Fluffy fibres in wool these are removed manually.DYEING :- the natural hair of the sheep is white , brown or black. It is dyed in different colors.MAKING YARN :- next the wool is straightened combed and spun into yarn after spinning the wool is either woven or knitted.
#19: Respiratory diseases: Inhalation of vapours arising from cocoons undergoing steaming, cooking and reeling produces breathing problems, asthma and other bronchial ailments.Scabies and other skin infections: the first step in reeling is the boiling of cocoons in water to kill the worms.

Animal fibres

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