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1.
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LHC Upgrades in preparation of Run 3
/ Arduini, G (CERN) ; Baglin, V (CERN) ; Bartosik, H (CERN) ; Bottura, L (CERN) ; Bracco, C (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Bregliozzi, G (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Bruce, R (CERN) ; Calviani, M (CERN) et al.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Long Shutdown 2(2019–2021), following LHC Run 2, was primarily dedicated to theupgrade of the LHC Injectors but it included also a significantamount of activities aimed at consolidation of the LHC machinecomponents, removal of known limitations and initial upgrades inview of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) to favour the intensityramp-up during Run 3 (2022–2025). An overview of the majormodifications to the accelerator and its systems is followed by asummary of the results of the superconducting magnet trainingcampaign to increase the LHC operation energy beyond the maximumvalue of 6.5 TeV reached during Run 2. [...]
2024 - 138 p.
- Published in : JINST 19 (2024) P05061
Fulltext: PDF;
In : The Large Hadron Collider and The Experiments for Run 3, pp.P05061
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2.
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LHC Triplet Task Force Report
/ Arduini, Gianluigi (CERN) ; Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Brodzinski, Krzysztof (CERN) ; Bruce, Roderik (CERN) ; Cerutti, Francesco (CERN) ; Ciccotelli, Alessia (University of Manchester (GB)) ; Deferne, Guy (CERN) ; Fartoukh, Stephane (CERN) ; Fessia, Paolo (CERN) ; Garion, Cedric (CERN) et al.
The excellent performance of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the extension of Run 3 by one year have led to a significant increase of the expected integrated luminosity by the end of its operation and before the start of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), exceeding the design LHC integrated luminosity of 300 fb−1 for which the final focus region has been designed. [...]
CERN-ACC-2023-0004.
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2023. - 95 p.
Full text
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3.
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Summary of the Post-Long Shutdown 2 LHC Hardware Commissioning Campaign
/ Apollonio, Andrea (CERN) ; Andreassen, Odd (CERN) ; Antoine, Alain (CERN) ; Argyropoulos, Theodoros (CERN) ; Bastos, Miguel (CERN) ; Bednarek, Mateusz (CERN) ; Bordini, Bernardo (CERN) ; Brodzinski, Krzysztof (CERN) ; Calia, Andrea (CERN) ; Charifoulline, Zinour (CERN) et al.
In this contribution we provide a summary of the LHC hardware commissioning campaign following the second CERN Long Shutdown (LS2), initially targeting the nominal LHC energy of 7 TeV. A summary of the test procedures and tools used for testing the LHC superconducting circuits is given, together with statistics on the successful test execution. [...]
2022 - 4 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2022 (2022) 335-338
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2022), Bangkok, Thailand, 12 - 17 Jun 2022, pp.335-338
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4.
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Beam induced heat load instrumentation installed in LHC during the Long Shutdown 2
/ Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Casas-Cubillos, J (CERN) ; Delikaris, D (CERN) ; Deschamps, J B (CERN) ; Le Naour, S (CERN) ; Pezzetti, M (CERN) ; Tavian, L (CERN) ; Tovar, A (CERN) ; Sisti, M (CERN) et al.
During the second run of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) between 2015 and 2018, significant beam induced heat loads have been observed on the beam screens circuits impacting the cryogenic system capacity, mainly due to the electron clouds generated by the beams. To validate these measurements and to obtain precise heat load assessments and comparison with preliminary calculations based on existing hardware equipment at selected locations, it was decided to add new cryogenic instrumentation around the machine. [...]
2022 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1240 (2022) 012043
Fulltext: PDF;
In : Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference, Online, 19 - 23 Jul 2021, pp.012043
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5.
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Mechanical Consolidation of the LHC Inner Triplet Magnet Supporting System for Remote Alignment
/ Micolon, Frederic (CERN) ; Bourcey, Nicolas (CERN) ; Deschamps, Jean-Baptiste (CERN) ; Herty, Andreas (CERN) ; Le Naour, Sandrine (CERN) ; Mikkola, Tommi (CERN) ; Parma, Vittorio (CERN) ; Ramos, Delio (CERN) ; Rude, Vivien (CERN) ; Sosin, Mateusz (CERN)
Given the high radiation area and the tight alignment tolerances, the LHC inner triplet magnets were designed to be realigned remotely using motorized supporting jacks. However, during run 2 the LHC triplet realignment system started to show an unexpected behavior with erratic load variations on the magnet supporting jacks when operated [...]
Geneva : JACoW, 2021 - 3 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2021 (2021) 2207-2209
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 12th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2021), Online, 24 - 28 May 2021, pp.2207-2209
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6.
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The Inner Triplet String Facility for HL-LHC: Design and Planning
/ Bajko, Marta (CERN) ; Bertolasi, Stefano (CERN) ; Bertone, Caterina (CERN) ; Blanchard, Sebastien (CERN) ; Bozzini, Davide (CERN) ; Brüning, Oliver (CERN) ; Cruikshank, Paul (CERN) ; De Luca, Davide (CERN) ; Dos Santos, Nuno (CERN) ; Dragoni, Francesco (CERN) et al.
In the framework of the HL-LHC project, full-scale integration and operational tests of the superconducting magnet chain, from the inner triplet quadrupoles up to the first separation/recombination dipole, are planned in conditions as similar as possible to the final set-up in the LHC tunnel. The IT String includes all of the required systems for operation at nominal conditions, such as vacuum, cryogenics, warm and cold powering equipment, and protection systems. [...]
Geneva : JACoW, 2021 - 4 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2021 (2021) 3592-3595
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 12th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2021), Online, 24 - 28 May 2021, pp.3592-3595
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7.
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The Second LHC Long Shutdown (LS2) for the Superconducting Magnets
/ Tock, Jean-Philippe (CERN) ; Bednarek, Mateusz (CERN) ; Bottura, Luca (CERN) ; Karentzos, Efstathios (CERN ; Natl. Tech. U., Athens) ; Le Naour, Sandrine (CERN) ; Meuter, Florian (CERN) ; Pojer, Mirko (CERN) ; Scheuerlein, Christian (CERN) ; Todesco, Ezio (CERN) ; Tommasini, Davide (CERN) et al.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has been delivering data to the physics experiments since 2009. It first operated at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV and 8 TeV up to the first long shutdown (LS1) in 2013-14. [...]
CERN-ACC-2018-114.-
2018 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPMF056
In : 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 29 Apr - 4 May 2018, pp.MOPMF056
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8.
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Resistance of Splices in the LHC Main Superconducting Magnet Circuits at 1.9 K
/ Charifoulline, Zinour (CERN) ; Bednarek, Mateusz Jakub (CERN) ; Denz, Reiner (CERN) ; Le Naour, Sandrine (CERN) ; Scheuerlein, Christian (CERN) ; Siemko, Andrzej (CERN) ; Steckert, Jens (CERN) ; Tock, Jean-Philippe (CERN) ; Verweij, Arjan (CERN) ; Zerlauth, Markus (CERN)
The electrical interconnections between the LHC main magnets are made of soldered joints (splices) of two superconducting Rutherford cables, stabilized by a copper busbar. In 2009, a number of splices was found not properly stabilized and could have suffered a thermal runaway in case of quench at high current. [...]
2018 - 5 p.
- Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 28 (2018) 4003405
In : 25th International Conference on Magnet Technology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 27 Aug - 1 Sep 2017, pp.4003405
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9.
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Training of the Main Dipoles Magnets in the Large Hadron Collider Toward 7 TeV Operation
/ Todesco, E (CERN) ; Willering, G (CERN) ; Auchmann, B (CERN) ; Bajko, M (CERN) ; Bottura, L (CERN) ; Bruning, O (CERN) ; De Rijk, G (CERN) ; Fessia, P (CERN) ; Hagen, P (CERN) ; Mapelli, D (Milan Bicocca U.) et al.
During 2016, one-quarter of the LHC main dipoles have has been powered above the 7.7 T operational field, to reach a field of 8.1 T. These tests were done to confirm the extrapolation of the training behavior based on a Gaussian tail of the quench distribution. [...]
2018 - 5 p.
- Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 28 (2018) 4006905
In : 25th International Conference on Magnet Technology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 27 Aug - 1 Sep 2017, pp.4006905
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10.
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A Statistical Analysis of Electrical Faults in the LHC Superconducting Magnets and Circuits
/ Bottura, Luca (CERN) ; Tock, Jean-Philippe (CERN) ; Auchmann, Bernard (CERN) ; Bednarek, Mateusz (CERN) ; Calcoen, Daniel (CERN) ; Charifoulline, Zinour (CERN) ; Coelingh, Gert-Jan (CERN) ; D'Angelo, Giorgio (CERN) ; Hagen, Per (CERN) ; Le Naour, Sandrine (CERN) et al.
The large hadron collider (LHC) at CERN has been operating and generating physics experimental data since September 2008, and following its first long shut down, it has entered a second, 4-year-long physics run. It is to date the largest superconducting installation ever built, counting over 9000 magnets along its 27-km long circumference. [...]
2017 - 5 p.
- Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 28 (2017) 4000505
In : 25th International Conference on Magnet Technology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 27 Aug - 1 Sep 2017, pp.4000505
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